随着新品种推广应用，棉花产业正迎来单产、品质和效益同步提升的新阶段。这些品种在纤维长度、强 度等关键品质指标上表现优异，同时具备良好的抗病性、抗逆性以及吐絮集中、适合机械采收等重要特 性，为提升棉花产业竞争力提供了核心种源。3年来，国家棉花生物育种项目带动了棉花育种整体水平 提升，全国棉花单产水平从项目启动前的132.8公斤提高到去年的144.8公斤，增长9%，其中良种的使用 起到了关键作用，良种化率提升5%以上，达到98%。（记者 郁静娴） 转自：人民日报海外版 在农业生物育种重大专项支持下，国内种业企业与科研单位协同攻关，运用分子标记选择、基因聚合等 现代育种技术，以"高产、优质、抗病、宜机采"为主攻方向，成功培育出"金棉2号""新塔棉11号"等30 多个综合性状突出的棉花新品种。 近日，记者从农业生物育种国家科技重大专项成果展示活动中获悉，近年来，我国在棉花生物育种领域 取得重要进展，一批高产、优质、抗逆、适合机采的棉花新品种成功培育并推广应用，为我国棉花产业 高质量发展提供了有力的科技支撑。 ...

Core Insights - Significant progress has been made in cotton biotechnology breeding in China, with the successful cultivation and application of high-yield, high-quality, and stress-resistant cotton varieties, providing strong technological support for the high-quality development of the cotton industry [1][3] Group 1: Industry Overview - Cotton is a crucial economic crop related to national economy and people's livelihood, with stable production capacity and quality improvement being vital for ensuring the supply of textile raw materials and increasing farmers' income [1] - Xinjiang is the main cotton-producing region in China, accounting for approximately 92.2% of the national total output [1] Group 2: Technological Advancements - Under the support of major agricultural biotechnology breeding projects, domestic seed companies and research institutions have collaborated to utilize modern breeding technologies such as molecular marker selection and gene aggregation, focusing on traits like high yield, quality, disease resistance, and suitability for mechanical harvesting [2] - More than 30 new cotton varieties with outstanding comprehensive traits have been successfully cultivated, showing excellent performance in key quality indicators such as fiber length and strength, along with good disease resistance and adaptability to modern production methods [2] Group 3: Specific Varieties and Their Impact - The new variety Jinmian No. 2 demonstrates high-temperature tolerance, strong resistance to wilt and yellow wilt diseases, and excellent fiber quality, with a yield increase of 13.2% compared to the control in two years of regional trials, with a planned promotion area of 850,000 mu in 2024 and over 1 million mu in 2025 [2] - Another variety, Xintamian No. 11, aggregates multiple excellent traits for fiber quality and yield, showing a yield increase of 14.2% compared to the control in two years of regional trials, with a cumulative demonstration promotion of 320,000 mu planned for 2024-2025 [2] - Other notable varieties include Zhongmian Suo 1813, a high-yield salt-alkali resistant variety, Xinlu Mian No. 3, an early-maturing disease-resistant variety, and Guoxin Mian No. 37, a high-yield stable variety, all of which have been widely promoted in production [2] Group 4: Future Outlook - With the promotion and application of new varieties, the cotton industry in China is entering a new stage of simultaneous improvement in yield, quality, and efficiency, driven by continuous breakthroughs in biotechnology [3]