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过度旅游,侵蚀欧洲城市
虎嗅APP· 2025-06-23 10:16
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the growing discontent among local residents in Barcelona and other European tourist cities regarding the overwhelming influx of tourists, which they feel disrupts their daily lives and local culture [1][2][3]. Group 1: Impact of Tourism on Local Life - Barcelona is expected to welcome 100 million tourists this year, leading to overcrowding in popular areas like the Sagrada Familia and local beaches, causing frustration among residents [1][5]. - Local protests have emerged, with residents expressing their grievances through slogans like "Let tourists go home" and "Barcelona is not for sale," indicating a strong sentiment against mass tourism [2][6]. - The tourism sector significantly contributes to Barcelona's economy, accounting for 14% of the city's GDP, with projected direct tourist spending of €10.317 billion in 2024 [6][7]. Group 2: Economic Dependency and Challenges - The article highlights the economic dependency of cities like Barcelona on tourism, which can lead to vulnerabilities in the local economy due to over-reliance on a single industry [6][7]. - Similar challenges are faced by other Southern European cities, such as Lisbon and Venice, where tourism constitutes a significant portion of GDP (18.8% for Portugal and 10.8% for Italy) [7][8]. - The rise of short-term rental platforms like Airbnb has exacerbated housing shortages for locals, with over 18,000 listings in Barcelona, leading to increased rental prices [10][11]. Group 3: Social and Cultural Implications - The influx of tourists has led to a sense of alienation among locals, with many feeling that their cultural identity is being overshadowed by the demands of tourism [7][8]. - Residents report a decline in local businesses that cater to their needs, replaced by tourist-oriented establishments, further contributing to the loss of local culture [10][11]. - The article notes that the quality of tourists varies, with some causing disturbances and disrespecting local customs, which adds to the resentment felt by residents [10][11]. Group 4: Government Response and Future Outlook - In response to protests, the Barcelona government has pledged to remove approximately 10,000 tourist rental properties by 2028 and halt new short-term rental licenses to alleviate housing pressure on locals [18][19]. - The article suggests that effective management of tourism is crucial for balancing economic benefits with the quality of life for residents, emphasizing the need for public investment in local infrastructure [17][18]. - The ongoing protests reflect a broader trend in European cities where residents are increasingly vocal about the negative impacts of mass tourism on their daily lives and urban environments [17][19].