本文转自【人民日报】； 原标题：小寒大寒哪个更冷？（文化中国行·二十四节气二十四问） 小寒，《月令七十二候集解》说，"月初寒尚小，故云"；大寒，《授时通考》称"寒气之逆极，故谓大 寒"。从字面来看，古人认为，"三九"前后到来的小寒，是严寒开启的标志，而大寒，是寒冷积累的状 态。一个"小"字，强调初露锋芒；一个"大"字，意味着冷到极致。所以，小寒、大寒，是对寒冷进程的 阶段性划分。 有趣的是，现实气候数据常常与古人的"命名预期"有所偏差。我国气象资料显示，小寒节气气温最低。 以北京为例，小寒期间的平均气温约为零下5至零下10摄氏度，大寒期间则略高1至2摄氏度；在黄河流 域，小寒期间"冷锋"集中，极端最低气温常突破零下十几摄氏度。因而流传着"小寒胜大寒，常见不稀 罕""三九四九冻破石头"的说法。 简单而言，这种情况是因为小寒时节强冷空气强势登场和地面热量收支的"滞后效应"所致。冬至日是北 半球白昼最短、接收太阳辐射最少的一天，但地面储存的热量尚未完全散失。随着热量进一步消耗，及 至小寒时，达到"热量亏空"的峰值期，加之此时寒潮、大风、降雪等冷空气活动频繁，气温降至一年中 的低谷。大寒节气，随着北半球白昼变长，地面 ...

Group 1 - The orchid industry in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, is a significant contributor to the local economy, with an annual output value of approximately 600 million yuan and a cultivation area of about 10,000 acres [1] - Zhaoqing is the largest orchid planting base in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, featuring over 200 varieties across four major series: national orchids, foreign orchids, hybrid orchids, and butterfly orchids [1] - China Pacific Insurance's Zhaoqing branch provides risk protection of around 16 million yuan for the orchid industry [1] Group 2 - The launch of the AI dialogue robot "Mr. Orchid" is a significant innovation aimed at addressing challenges in the traditional orchid industry, such as difficulties in cultivation, sales, and purchasing [3] - "Mr. Orchid" integrates extensive professional knowledge and market information about orchids, allowing industry practitioners to interact via WeChat for personalized solutions [3] - The AI robot aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for orchid production and management, providing 24-hour support for agricultural modernization [3] Group 3 - China Pacific Insurance's support for "Mr. Orchid" is part of a broader strategy to accelerate the digital transformation of the orchid industry [4] - The company plans to collaborate with various government departments to develop an "1+N" AI robot matrix to promote high-quality agricultural development in Zhaoqing [4]