本文转自【人民日报】； 原标题：小寒大寒哪个更冷？（文化中国行·二十四节气二十四问） 小寒，《月令七十二候集解》说，"月初寒尚小，故云"；大寒，《授时通考》称"寒气之逆极，故谓大 寒"。从字面来看，古人认为，"三九"前后到来的小寒，是严寒开启的标志，而大寒，是寒冷积累的状 态。一个"小"字，强调初露锋芒；一个"大"字，意味着冷到极致。所以，小寒、大寒，是对寒冷进程的 阶段性划分。 有趣的是，现实气候数据常常与古人的"命名预期"有所偏差。我国气象资料显示，小寒节气气温最低。 以北京为例，小寒期间的平均气温约为零下5至零下10摄氏度，大寒期间则略高1至2摄氏度；在黄河流 域，小寒期间"冷锋"集中，极端最低气温常突破零下十几摄氏度。因而流传着"小寒胜大寒，常见不稀 罕""三九四九冻破石头"的说法。 简单而言，这种情况是因为小寒时节强冷空气强势登场和地面热量收支的"滞后效应"所致。冬至日是北 半球白昼最短、接收太阳辐射最少的一天，但地面储存的热量尚未完全散失。随着热量进一步消耗，及 至小寒时，达到"热量亏空"的峰值期，加之此时寒潮、大风、降雪等冷空气活动频繁，气温降至一年中 的低谷。大寒节气，随着北半球白昼变长，地面 ...

Group 1 - The orchid industry in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, is a significant contributor to the local economy, with an annual output value of approximately 600 million yuan and a cultivation area of about 10,000 acres [1] - Zhaoqing is the largest orchid planting base in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, featuring over 200 varieties across four major series: national orchids, foreign orchids, hybrid orchids, and butterfly orchids [1] - China Pacific Insurance's Zhaoqing branch provides risk protection of around 16 million yuan for the orchid industry [1] Group 2 - The launch of the AI dialogue robot "Mr. Orchid" is a significant innovation aimed at addressing challenges in the traditional orchid industry, such as difficulties in cultivation, sales, and purchasing [3] - "Mr. Orchid" integrates extensive professional knowledge and market information about orchids, allowing industry practitioners to interact via WeChat for personalized solutions [3] - The AI robot aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for orchid production and management, providing 24-hour support for agricultural modernization [3] Group 3 - China Pacific Insurance's support for "Mr. Orchid" is part of a broader strategy to accelerate the digital transformation of the orchid industry [4] - The company plans to collaborate with various government departments to develop an "1+N" AI robot matrix to promote high-quality agricultural development in Zhaoqing [4]

Core Insights - The article highlights the success of Taiwanese entrepreneur Wang Yaozong in the orchid cultivation industry in Fujian, China, particularly focusing on the butterfly orchid, which he believes has significant market potential due to the large population in mainland China [1][3]. Company Overview - Wang Yaozong established Tian Nong Orchid Garden in 1999 after falling in love with butterfly orchids during his first visit to Fujian [1]. - The garden spans over 30 acres in Nanjing County, with a high-standard temperature-controlled greenhouse of 5,000 square meters, producing nearly 300,000 butterfly orchids annually, along with other varieties like mini Cattleya and Dendrobium [3][4]. Market Potential - The orchid market in mainland China is expected to grow due to the increasing living standards and aesthetic appreciation among the population [5]. - Wang Yaozong's confidence in the market is reflected in his plans to expand beyond Fujian and enhance online sales through e-commerce strategies [3][5]. Government Support - Local government support, including financial subsidies and technical assistance, has played a crucial role in the development of Wang Yaozong's business, allowing for the purchase of modern equipment that enhances orchid cultivation [3][5]. Community and Collaboration - The establishment of the Nanjing Taiwan Farmers' Entrepreneurship Park, which focuses on orchid and other plant cultivation, fosters collaboration among Taiwanese farmers in the region, promoting knowledge sharing and innovation [5]. - Annual orchid exhibitions in Zhangzhou serve as a platform for cross-strait orchid enthusiasts to exchange ideas and explore development opportunities [5].