Core Viewpoint - The overall trend of acute respiratory infectious diseases in China is currently declining, as reported by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1]. Group 1: Current Situation of Respiratory Diseases - The CDC is continuously monitoring flu-like cases and severe acute respiratory infection cases in hospitals across the country [1]. - The positive detection rates for respiratory samples in sentinel hospitals show that the top three pathogens are influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus, all of which are known common pathogens [1]. - There have been no discoveries of unknown pathogens or new infectious diseases related to these respiratory infections [1]. Group 2: Flu Trends and Statistics - The current flu epidemic in China is at a low level, with a continuous decline over the past two months [1]. - The positive detection rate of influenza virus, the number of reported cases, and the number of reported outbreaks are all on a downward trend [1]. - The predominant circulating strain is the H3N2 subtype of influenza A, while the proportion of the Victoria lineage of influenza B has shown a slight increase [1]. Group 3: Other Respiratory Pathogens - The positive detection rate for respiratory syncytial virus is also declining, with higher rates observed in northern provinces compared to southern provinces [1]. - The positive detection rate for rhinovirus is fluctuating at a certain level [1]. - The detection rates for other monitored respiratory pathogens, including the novel coronavirus, remain low overall [1].

本文字数：989，阅读时长大约2分钟 作者 | 第一财经 钱童心 2025.12. 06 根据中国疾病预防控制中心发布全国急性呼吸道传染病哨点12月4日报告的监测情况，第48周，全国哨 点医院报告的流感样病例数占门急诊就诊总数的比例（流感样病例百分比）为9.6%；全国哨点医院门 急诊流感样病例中，流感阳性率为51.1%，未超过近三年最高水平。 北京大学第一医院呼吸和危重症医学科王广发教授表示："我们的疾控部门监测流感的发生以及其流行 强度，主要是监测流感样病例，也就是有上呼吸道感染，发烧、咳嗽以及嗓子疼等症状的病例，随机选 取这些门诊的病人，然后留取上呼吸道分泌物采样送中疾控检测。在流感样病例中，动态观察流感病毒 的占比。这里的51%意味着，每采集100份有流感症状表现的病例标本，其中51份标本显示是感染了流 感病毒，并不是说全体人群当中51%的人得了流感。" 微信编辑 | 龙王 第 一 财 经 持 续 追 踪 财 经 热 点 。 若 您 掌 握 公 司 动 态 、 行 业 趋 势 、 金 融 事 件 等 有 价 值 的 线 索 ， 欢 迎 提 供 。 专 用 邮 箱 ： bianjibu@yicai.com ...

随着全国流感患病人数持续上升，流感病毒进化能力是否变得更强的话题也引发关注。 12月6日，国家传染病医学中心、复旦大学附属华山医院张文宏教授团队发表科普文章称，虽然目前我 国进入呼吸道感染高发季节，但这并不意味着流感病毒的进化能力变得更强。"流感病毒容易发生变 化，也就是抗原漂移，这是导致流感季节性流行的原因，并不是流感病毒进化能力越来越强。"他们写 道。 12月5日，中国疾控中心病毒病所研究员王大燕在国家卫生健康委新闻发布会上表示，目前，全国共有 17个省份流感处于高流行水平，其余省份处于中流行水平。 对此，南方科技大学公共卫生及应急管理学院教授、国家疾控中心原副主任冯子健表示，最新一轮正在 经历的流感流行季节的流感活动水平较上一个流行季要早一些，目前的活动水平也已略超过去年峰值水 平。他指出，据相关统计数据，近十年里，流感相对严重的一年是2017年末至2018年初。 根据中国疾病预防控制中心发布全国急性呼吸道传染病哨点12月4日报告的监测情况，第48周，全国哨 点医院报告的流感样病例数占门急诊就诊总数的比例（流感样病例百分比）为9.6%；全国哨点医院门 急诊流感样病例中，流感阳性率为51.1%，未超过近三 ...

Core Viewpoint - The study highlights the significant impact of respiratory viral infections, such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2, on the awakening and proliferation of dormant disseminated cancer cells (DCC) in the lungs, which may lead to increased cancer-related mortality and metastasis risk [3][14][15]. Group 1: Research Findings - Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections can cause dormant DCC in the lungs to awaken, leading to rapid proliferation and metastasis [3][4]. - The research indicates that the presence of interleukin-6 (IL-6) is crucial for the reactivation of DCC, as its levels increase following viral infection [9][12]. - CD4+ T cells play a necessary role in maintaining the awakened state of DCC, although they are not required to initiate this process [12][14]. Group 2: Clinical Implications - The study found that cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have a significantly higher risk of cancer-related death and lung metastasis compared to those who are not infected [14][15]. - The findings suggest a potential link between respiratory infections and the recurrence of metastatic cancer, emphasizing the need for further exploration in this area [4][15]. Group 3: Mechanisms of Action - The research demonstrated that CD4+ T cells limit the ability of CD8+ T cells to control DCC growth, indicating a complex interplay between different immune cell types in the context of viral infections and cancer [12][14]. - The study also explored the role of inflammation caused by respiratory infections in influencing dormant cancer cells, which had not been a primary focus in previous research [7][8].

Core Insights - The recent rise in COVID-19 cases has drawn public attention, particularly following the announcement of singer Eason Chan's infection, indicating a potential resurgence of the virus in the population [1][2]. Summary by Sections COVID-19 Case Trends - In March 2025, a total of 56,286 new confirmed COVID-19 cases were reported across 31 provinces, with 131 severe cases and 7 deaths attributed to underlying health conditions combined with COVID-19 [2]. - The positivity rate for COVID-19 among influenza-like illness cases increased from 3.5% in the 10th week of 2025 to 6.3% by the end of March [2]. Variants and Mutations - The dominant COVID-19 variants in China have undergone multiple changes over the past two and a half years, transitioning from BA.5.2 and BF.7 to XDV and its sub-variants [1][3]. - The emergence of new variants with immune evasion capabilities has contributed to the re-infection of individuals and the occurrence of new infection peaks [3][4]. Seasonal Patterns and Infection Dynamics - Unlike typical respiratory viruses that peak in winter and spring, COVID-19 has shown a tendency to have peaks in summer as well, suggesting that its spread is more influenced by variant mutations and population immunity rather than seasonal changes [4][5]. - The current dominant variant, XDV and its sub-variant NB.1.8.1, has shown significant transmission advantages, affecting not only mainland China but also regions like Hong Kong, Macau, Japan, and South Korea [6]. Symptoms and Severity - The currently circulating variants have not shown new symptoms; common symptoms remain fever, sore throat, cough, and muscle pain, with a low proportion of severe cases overall [5][6].