Core Points - The article discusses Canada's independent response to U.S. tariffs and China's retaliatory measures, highlighting its strategic autonomy in trade relations [1][2][3][5][7][10]. Group 1: U.S. Tariffs and Canadian Response - Since the strategic standoff between the U.S. and China, the U.S. has attempted to pressure China by excluding its products from global supply chains, implementing high tariffs on imports from various countries, including a 50% tariff on Canadian steel and aluminum [1]. - In response to U.S. pressure, Canada announced a 25% additional tax on steel and aluminum products containing Chinese components, alongside a 100% tariff on electric vehicles from China [1][2]. Group 2: China's Retaliation - China retaliated against Canada by imposing 100% tariffs on canola oil, oilseed meal, and peas, and a 25% tariff on seafood and pork, significantly impacting Canada's agricultural sector [2]. - Canada, being the largest canola exporter globally, faced severe economic consequences, with canola exports to China projected to reach approximately $3.63 billion in 2024, accounting for over half of its total agricultural exports [2]. Group 3: Diplomatic Efforts and Trade Negotiations - In light of the dual pressures from the U.S. and China, Canadian officials have been visiting China to address the canola trade dispute, which is crucial for the stability of Canada's agricultural economy [2][10]. - Canadian Prime Minister Carney met with President Trump to discuss trade barriers and tariffs, but did not make explicit commitments to strengthen North American trade restrictions [3]. Group 4: Tariff Adjustments and Industry Reactions - Canada announced a tariff exemption for certain steel and aluminum products that cannot be produced domestically, aimed at stabilizing supply chains, with specific details to be released later [3][5]. - The Canadian Steel and Aluminum Association expressed dissatisfaction with the exemptions, arguing that they could undermine the competitiveness of domestic producers [5][7]. Group 5: Strategic Autonomy and Future Outlook - Canada's actions reflect a pragmatic and independent economic policy, seeking to balance its interests amid U.S.-China tensions, while also negotiating tariff arrangements with the U.S. [7][10]. - The bilateral trade between Canada and China reached CAD 117.44 billion in 2024, indicating Canada's strategic moves may serve as a bellwether for increased autonomy among allies in the global trade landscape [7].