Group 1 - The smartphone industry is increasingly emphasizing "AI" as a key selling point, with major brands claiming to have developed their own AI models and performance optimization solutions for various applications [1][3] - Chip manufacturers are also showcasing improvements in NPU architecture and energy efficiency, often in conjunction with AI model demonstrations during new SoC launches [3][8] - Historically, manufacturers provided specific performance metrics for NPUs, allowing consumers to easily compare different brands and generations of SoCs [5][6] Group 2 - Qualcomm's Snapdragon series initially disclosed NPU performance metrics, with the Snapdragon 855 featuring 7 TOPs, and subsequent models showing significant increases up to 52 TOPs for the Snapdragon 8 Gen1 [10] - However, Qualcomm stopped disclosing NPU performance numbers after the Snapdragon 8 Gen1, indicating a potential slowdown in performance improvement, with the latest Snapdragon 8 Gen3 reportedly achieving 100 TOPs [10][12] - Other chip manufacturers may face even greater challenges in NPU performance, leading to a general trend of not disclosing NPU performance metrics across the industry [11] Group 3 - The slowdown in NPU performance improvement is attributed to rising semiconductor design costs and the need to allocate power to new CPU and GPU architectures, making it difficult to maintain previous performance doubling trends [15][17] - The nature of AI tasks has evolved from primarily computational vision to more complex content generation, requiring NPUs to adapt their design and focus on energy efficiency for prolonged use [20][21] - Current NPU designs are expected to continue improving, but the approach will differ from past strategies that relied solely on scaling and frequency increases [21][23] Group 4 - Companies are exploring ways to enhance NPU performance through software optimizations and collaborations with AI model developers, as seen in Samsung's partnership with Nota AI to improve the Exynos 2500's NPU performance [25]