Core Viewpoint - Proton therapy is recognized as a "precision cancer treatment tool" that significantly alters traditional cancer treatment methods, primarily due to its ability to minimize side effects and enhance patient quality of life through the "Bragg Peak" phenomenon [1][2]. Summary by Sections Understanding "Bragg Peak" - The "Bragg Peak" refers to the unique energy release pattern of charged particles like protons, which allows for concentrated energy delivery at the tumor site while sparing surrounding healthy tissues [1][2]. - Traditional photon therapies, such as X-rays, cause collateral damage to normal tissues, whereas proton therapy can be likened to a "precision missile" that targets only the tumor [2]. Clinical Examples and Efficacy - A case study of a pancreatic cancer patient demonstrated that over 95% of the radiation dose was concentrated in the tumor, with significantly reduced exposure to surrounding organs, showcasing the protective benefits of the "Bragg Peak" [3]. - Proton therapy has been shown to reduce the incidence of secondary tumors by over 50% in pediatric patients, making it a preferred option for treating childhood cancers [4]. Limitations and Complementary Role - Proton therapy is not a universal solution and has specific indications; it cannot replace surgery or medication but can complement them in certain scenarios [5][6]. - For advanced tumors with multiple metastases, proton therapy may have limited effectiveness, and surgical options remain the primary treatment for early-stage cancers [6]. International Comparison and Trends - The five-year cancer survival rates in China (43.7%) lag behind those in Japan (66%) and the U.S. (69%), attributed to differences in tumor types, early diagnosis rates, and treatment protocols [7]. - The increasing demand for proton therapy in mainland China is driven by its cost-effectiveness compared to Hong Kong, where treatment costs are significantly higher [8]. Future Directions - The future of proton therapy is expected to focus on "precision, localization, and accessibility," with advancements in domestic equipment and diversified payment systems anticipated to enhance its integration with targeted and immunotherapy options for mid to late-stage cancers [9].