Group 1 - The 15th Peking University Digestive Tumor Forum and the annual meeting of the China Gastrointestinal Oncology Clinical Research Collaborative Group (CGOG) were held in Beijing, focusing on precision diagnosis and translational research in digestive system tumors [1] - The theme of the conference was "Innovation, Precision, and Synergy," emphasizing the advancement of innovative diagnostic and treatment models as well as new drug development [1] - The Human Proteome Navigation Plan (π-HuB Plan) was introduced, aiming to uncover life-related information from the complexity and dynamics of the human proteome, with four main objectives outlined [1] Group 2 - Professor Shen Lin from Peking University Cancer Hospital proposed a "B to B" bidirectional translational research model to explore new treatment options targeting HER2, EGFR, and CLDN18.2 for upper digestive tract tumors [2] - The complexity of the tumor microenvironment necessitates a multidimensional exploration of tumor heterogeneity, precise selection of beneficiaries for targeted therapy, and enhanced efficacy monitoring [2] - The improvement of CAR-T therapy efficacy in solid tumors is identified as an urgent research topic, with a call for a comprehensive clinical-translational-basic bidirectional research system to promote clinical application of precision treatment for upper digestive tract tumors [2]

Core Insights - The DIAMOND study presents a new approach to nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment by demonstrating that a full-course immunotherapy regimen can achieve comparable efficacy to traditional chemotherapy while significantly reducing toxic side effects [1][4][6] Group 1: Study Overview - The DIAMOND study involved 532 patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, utilizing a 1:1 randomization to compare a treatment group receiving immunotherapy and a control group receiving additional chemotherapy [4] - The primary endpoints were the three-year failure-free survival (FFS) rate and the incidence of all-grade vomiting [4][5] Group 2: Results and Efficacy - The treatment group achieved a three-year FFS rate of 88.3%, compared to 87.6% in the control group, indicating that omitting concurrent cisplatin does not compromise survival rates [4][5] - The incidence of all-grade vomiting was significantly lower in the treatment group at 26.2%, compared to 59.8% in the control group, representing a 33.6% reduction (p<0.001) [4][5] Group 3: Safety and Tolerability - The severe acute toxicity rates (grades 3-4) were 52.3% in the treatment group versus 63.6% in the control group, showing an 11.3% decrease in severe side effects [4][5] - The findings suggest that the new treatment regimen enhances patient safety and quality of life by reducing the toxic effects associated with traditional chemotherapy [5][6]

Core Viewpoint - Proton therapy has shown significant effectiveness in treating head and neck tumors, providing hope for patients who have faced challenges with traditional treatments [1][3][4] Group 1: Patient Success Stories - A patient named Sun experienced a near-complete disappearance of her nasal rhabdomyosarcoma after undergoing 30 sessions of proton therapy, alleviating her symptoms significantly [1] - Another patient, Mr. Chen, benefited from proton therapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer, with significant tumor reduction observed after treatment [3] - Ms. Li, suffering from sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma, saw her tumor shrink from 7 cm to 2 cm after proton therapy, with substantial improvement in her quality of life [3] Group 2: Advantages of Proton Therapy - Proton therapy offers precise targeting of tumors, effectively killing cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues, leading to lower side effects compared to traditional radiation therapy [4] - The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has recognized proton therapy as a standard treatment method for head and neck cancers [4] Group 3: Institutional Background - Guangzhou Taihe Hospital's proton center is supported by renowned institutions like MD Anderson Cancer Center and Mayo Clinic, featuring advanced technology such as the Varian ProBeam proton therapy system [4] - The center has seen a growing number of consultations and treatments, with a peak of over 50 patients treated in a single day, covering various cancer types including nasopharyngeal, esophageal, lung, breast, and pancreatic cancers [4]