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如何立足外部变化实现绿色共富?
Core Viewpoint - The concept of "Green Wealth" has evolved from the "Two Mountains" theory, emphasizing the integration of ecological protection and economic development, aiming for high-quality development and shared prosperity for all [1] Group 1: Institutional Innovations - There is a need to break through the institutional bottlenecks in realizing the value of ecological products, balancing market logic with the public and social attributes of ecological products [2] - Recent measures, such as ecological compensation mechanisms, have begun to address the challenges of supply, accounting, trading, collateralization, and monetization of ecological products [2] - The central government's budget for ecological function area transfers in 2025 is set at 120.5 billion yuan, reflecting a 7.5% increase from the previous year, indicating strong fiscal support for ecological governance [2] Group 2: Regional Cooperation and Fairness - Addressing the regional imbalance in ecological protection and benefits is crucial, requiring horizontal compensation mechanisms and regional cooperation platforms [3] - Cross-regional compensation agreements among provinces in the Yangtze River basin have been established to maintain ecological safety and promote coordinated regional development [3] - The establishment of ecological public welfare positions is proposed to ensure that those providing ecological products receive reasonable compensation, enhancing employment opportunities in ecological function areas [3] Group 3: Market Potential and Green Finance - The large-scale market and the demand from over 400 million middle-income groups for rural ecological products and green lifestyles present significant opportunities [4] - Developing local特色产业 such as rural tourism, ecological health care, and green food can create consumption growth points that combine ecological value with economic benefits [4] - A comprehensive green finance system is needed to attract social capital towards projects that realize the value of ecological products, addressing the issue of insufficient funding [4]