Core Viewpoint - The brain-computer interface (BCI) industry is set to develop a roadmap, with a two-step goal to achieve international advanced levels in product performance by 2027 and to rank among the world's top industries by 2030 [1][2]. Industry Overview - BCI represents a fusion of life sciences and information technology, enabling communication between the brain and machines, which can lead to breakthroughs across multiple fields and enhance China's technological competitiveness [1]. - The BCI industry is expected to grow significantly, with the market size projected to reach 3.2 billion yuan in 2024 and 6.14 billion yuan by 2028 [2]. Technological Advantages - China leads in non-invasive BCI technologies and has established a preliminary industrial chain from core components to end applications, with a number of specialized enterprises rapidly emerging [2]. - The demand for medical rehabilitation due to an aging population and the need for industrial automation provide a broad space for BCI technology implementation [2]. Hardware and Software Components - Hardware is essential for BCI, with electrodes capturing brain signals through either invasive or non-invasive methods, each having its own advantages and limitations [2][3]. - Software plays a critical role in interpreting brain signals, requiring advanced algorithms for accurate decoding and efficient interaction between the brain and machines [3]. Challenges and Development Needs - There are significant challenges in both hardware and software, including the need for new biocompatible materials, improved signal clarity, and enhanced decoding algorithms to accurately capture complex brain signals [3]. - The industry must focus on balancing chip performance with power consumption and enhancing multi-task processing capabilities in software to improve user experience [3]. Future Outlook - The BCI industry is transitioning from laboratory research to commercialization, with the potential to impact various sectors such as healthcare, industry, and daily life, thereby driving significant industrial transformation [4].