Core Viewpoint - Biodiversity investment is emerging as a crucial investment area, distinct from climate change investment, aiming to protect, restore, and sustainably utilize biodiversity while achieving both ecological benefits and economic returns, thus playing a vital role in promoting global sustainable development [2][4]. Group 1: Importance of Biodiversity Investment - Biodiversity investment can leverage innovative financial tools such as natural capital bonds and biodiversity credit trading to enhance capital market returns [7]. - The global biodiversity crisis poses significant threats to ecosystem stability and sustainable development, making biodiversity investment a core challenge for global sustainability [4][6]. Group 2: Strategic Significance - The "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework" established clear action guidelines for addressing biodiversity loss, including the "30 by 30" target to protect at least 30% of global land and marine areas by 2030 [6]. - Biodiversity investment is expected to become a key component of global sustainable development strategies, complementing climate change investment [7]. Group 3: Differences from Climate Change Investment - Biodiversity investment differs from climate change investment in terms of accounting methods, loss characteristics, and policy execution [7][10]. - The complexity of biodiversity accounting is higher than that of carbon accounting, as biodiversity loss often occurs in agriculture and illegal logging, making it difficult to track [8]. Group 4: Challenges in Biodiversity Investment - Biodiversity loss has significant local and temporal characteristics, meaning that restoration costs and impacts vary greatly depending on geographic location and timing [9]. - Policy responses to biodiversity loss cannot directly apply climate change strategies due to regional differences and the lack of standardized accounting methods [10]. Group 5: Theoretical Support for Policy Design - Biodiversity investment can benefit from economic models used in climate change investment, such as the Ramsey Model, which aids in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity protection schemes [10]. - Integrated assessment models can quantify the benefits of biodiversity investment within the context of global trade and ecological systems [10].