Core Viewpoint - Biodiversity investment is emerging as a crucial investment area, distinct from climate change investment, aiming to protect, restore, and sustainably utilize biodiversity while achieving both ecological benefits and economic returns, thus playing a vital role in promoting global sustainable development [2][4]. Group 1: Importance of Biodiversity Investment - Biodiversity investment can leverage innovative financial tools such as natural capital bonds and biodiversity credit trading to enhance capital market returns [7]. - The global biodiversity crisis poses significant threats to ecosystem stability and sustainable development, making biodiversity investment a core challenge for global sustainability [4][6]. Group 2: Strategic Significance - The "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework" established clear action guidelines for addressing biodiversity loss, including the "30 by 30" target to protect at least 30% of global land and marine areas by 2030 [6]. - Biodiversity investment is expected to become a key component of global sustainable development strategies, complementing climate change investment [7]. Group 3: Differences from Climate Change Investment - Biodiversity investment differs from climate change investment in terms of accounting methods, loss characteristics, and policy execution [7][10]. - The complexity of biodiversity accounting is higher than that of carbon accounting, as biodiversity loss often occurs in agriculture and illegal logging, making it difficult to track [8]. Group 4: Challenges in Biodiversity Investment - Biodiversity loss has significant local and temporal characteristics, meaning that restoration costs and impacts vary greatly depending on geographic location and timing [9]. - Policy responses to biodiversity loss cannot directly apply climate change strategies due to regional differences and the lack of standardized accounting methods [10]. Group 5: Theoretical Support for Policy Design - Biodiversity investment can benefit from economic models used in climate change investment, such as the Ramsey Model, which aids in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity protection schemes [10]. - Integrated assessment models can quantify the benefits of biodiversity investment within the context of global trade and ecological systems [10].

构建全国统一大市场，服务中国式现代化 文/ 中国证券监督管理委员会原主席 肖钢 党的二十大报告明确提出，"构建全国统一大市场，深化要素市场化改革，建设高标准市场体 系"。党的二十届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的 决定》，进一步将构建全国统一大市场列为全面深化改革的重点任务。这一战略部署不仅是 推动经济持续向好的现实需求，更是畅通国内大循环、推动经济高质量发展的关键举措，是 实现中国式现代化的重要制度保障。 从国际经验看，统一大市场是成熟市场经济的核心特征。一些发达经济体通过消除市场分 割，统一规则标准、评价体系等方式，逐步实现了资本市场、劳动力市场、技术市场一体 化，提升了资源配置效率，单一市场优势已成为核心竞争力。 立足我国国情，生产要素丰富多元，产业体系完备，超大规模市场是我国优势，这一市场特 征为对内提高资源配置效率，对外充分利用全球资源要素提供了重要基础支撑。近年来，各 地贯彻党中央、国务院的决策部署，积极推进统一大市场改革，在健全市场准入制度，完善 公平竞争制度，破除地方保护和市场分割等方面取得积极进展。同时，各要素领域改革系统 性、协同性、统一性进一步加强，例如 ...