Core Insights - The article provides an in-depth analysis of Google's Optical Circuit Switch (OCS) technology, its components, and its implications for the industry, highlighting the potential for improved efficiency and reduced latency in data transmission [1] Group 1: Google's AI Momentum - Google's AI performance has been impressive, with the launch of Gemini 2.5 Flash Image leading to 23 million new users and over 500 million images generated within a month [2] - The company has released several multimodal model updates, showcasing its leadership in AI research and development [2] Group 2: OCS Technology Overview - OCS technology aims to eliminate multiple optical-electrical conversions in traditional networks, significantly enhancing efficiency and reducing latency [5][6] - The article discusses the differences between OCS and traditional electrical switches, emphasizing OCS's advantages in low latency and power consumption [14][16] Group 3: OCS Technical Solutions - The main OCS technologies include MEMS, DRC, and piezoelectric ceramic solutions, with MEMS being the dominant technology, accounting for over 70% of the market [10][12] - MEMS technology utilizes micro-mirrors to dynamically adjust light signal paths, while DRC offers lower power requirements and longer lifespan but slower switching speeds [10][12] Group 4: Performance and Application Differences - OCS is more suitable for stable traffic patterns where data paths do not need frequent adjustments, while traditional electrical switches excel in dynamic environments [14][30] - OCS can achieve approximately 30% cost savings over time due to its longevity and lower energy consumption, despite higher initial costs [16] Group 5: Key Components of OCS - The article details critical components of OCS, including laser injection modules and camera modules for real-time calibration, ensuring long-term stability [19][20] - Micro-lens arrays (MLA) are essential for stabilizing light signals, with increasing demand expected as OCS deployment grows [26][27] Group 6: CPO vs. OCS - CPO technology integrates switching chips and optical modules to reduce latency and power consumption, making it suitable for rapidly changing data flows [29][30] - OCS, on the other hand, is ideal for scenarios with predictable data flows, such as deep learning model training, where low latency and power efficiency are critical [30] Group 7: Google's OCS Implementation - Google employs a "self-design + outsourcing" model for its MEMS chips, ensuring compatibility with its OCS systems and optimizing performance parameters [31]