编者按：当地时间2025年7月11日，在法国巴黎召开的联合国教科文组织第四十七届世界遗产大会通过 决议，将"西夏陵"列入《世界遗产名录》。至此，中国世界遗产总数达到60项。 西夏陵是中国西北地区11至13世纪由党项族建立的西夏王朝的陵墓遗址群，坐落于贺兰山山脉南段东 麓。它的存在为中华文明多元一体格局和统一的多民族国家形成过程提供重要见证。 行走在苍茫辽阔的贺兰山下，西夏陵陵塔映照在阳光之中。放眼望去，四边的角台，两边的门阙、碑 亭，月城、陵城勾勒出陵区的布局。西夏陵背山面水，西北傍高山，东眺银川与黄河，各座帝陵的空间 轴线都与贺兰山的某个山峦顶峰相关联，借山势衬托出恢宏的气势。 实证： 中华文明多元一体格局形成 西夏陵遗址分布范围近40平方公里，包含9座西夏帝陵、271座陪葬墓、5.03公顷北端建筑遗址和32处防 洪工程遗址等4种类型的建筑遗址及陵区各类出土文物。 国家文物局文物古迹司（世界文化遗产司）司长邓超说，西夏陵是留存至今规模最大、等级最高、保存 完整的西夏王朝考古遗存，对我国历史上党项族创立并延续近200年的西夏王朝具有不可替代的见证作 用，实证中华文明多元一体格局和统一的多民族国家形成过程。 西 ...

Core Points - The article highlights the successful application of the Western Xia Tombs as China's 60th World Heritage site, showcasing its historical significance and archaeological richness [1] - The Western Xia Tombs are recognized as a vital cultural heritage site that reflects the diverse characteristics of Western Xia culture and its integration into the broader context of Chinese civilization [21] Group 1: Archaeological Significance - The Western Xia Tombs consist of 9 imperial tombs and 271 accompanying graves, along with over 7,100 artifacts that provide insights into the society, religion, and art of the Western Xia [1] - The site includes various architectural and flood control relics, indicating advanced engineering and planning [1] Group 2: Cultural Exchange and Influence - The gilded bronze ox discovered at the site exemplifies the advanced metalworking and casting techniques of the Western Xia, as well as their adoption of agricultural practices from the Han Chinese [3] - The Western Xia people created nearly 6,000 characters based on Chinese writing methods, often using both Western Xia and Chinese characters in religious texts and inscriptions, reflecting a high level of literary cultivation [6] Group 3: Artistic and Architectural Features - The dragon column unearthed from Tomb 6 features intricate carvings influenced by Central Plains culture, showcasing the Western Xia's cultural heritage and artistic development [8] - The white-glazed ceramic tiles found at the site demonstrate the integration of techniques from various regions, indicating a sophisticated level of ceramic production [18] Group 4: Trade and Economic Prosperity - The trade between the Song and Western Xia dynasties was facilitated through official and informal markets, with a variety of ceramics found at the tombs indicating a prosperous commercial environment [11]

Core Points - The core viewpoint of the article is the successful inclusion of the Western Xia Tombs in the UNESCO World Heritage List, bringing China's total number of World Heritage sites to 60 [1][28]. Group 1: Heritage Significance - The Western Xia Tombs consist of 4 major constructed elements, including 9 imperial tombs, 271 accompanying graves, and 32 flood control relics, along with a large architectural site related to sacrificial activities [4]. - The site covers an area of 38.99 square kilometers, making it the largest, highest-grade, and best-preserved relic of Western Xia culture [4][9]. - The Western Xia Tombs provide irreplaceable evidence of the Western Xia dynasty, which lasted nearly 200 years, and its role as a hub on the Silk Road during the 11th to 13th centuries [4][7]. Group 2: Archaeological Findings - The site has yielded over 7,000 movable cultural relics, which are crucial for understanding the value of the Western Xia Tombs [15]. - Notable artifacts include a gilded bronze bull weighing 188 kilograms, showcasing advanced casting techniques and reflecting the cultural exchange between nomadic and agricultural societies [17]. - The museum also displays a rare gold headdress weighing over 200 grams, decorated with lotus petal and linked bead patterns, indicating strong influences from Central Plains culture [19]. Group 3: Cultural Insights - The Western Xia script, derived from Chinese characters, is complex and difficult to read, with over 5,800 meaningful characters identified, used during the Western Xia dynasty's rule [25][27]. - The artifacts and inscriptions found at the site provide direct evidence of the political, military, and cultural history of the Western Xia dynasty [23].

当地时间7月11日 在法国巴黎举行的世界遗产大会上 "西夏陵"脱颖而出 成为中国第60项世界遗产 这也是宁夏首个世界文化遗产 西夏始建于公元1038年 存续至公元1227年 与两宋、辽、金等并立 都城设在兴庆府，即今宁夏银川 其地处农牧交错地带 境内多民族共存 鼎盛时疆域规模达115万平方公里 曾控制河西走廊 20世纪70年代 西夏陵首次进入考古学界视野 神秘面纱被逐渐揭开 西夏陵坐落在贺兰山洪积扇戈壁滩上 是西夏皇家陵园 由9座帝陵、271座陪葬墓 5.03公顷的北端建筑遗址 和32处防洪工程遗址组成 占地近40平方公里 与贺兰山势交相辉映 西夏陵出土7100余件馆藏文物 包括各类建筑构件、石碑、陶瓷器 马具、钱币、泥塑和壁画残块等 其中以建筑构件最多 从出土文物中 可推想西夏陵昔日的璀璨 窥见西夏的浩瀚历史 是古代建筑中正脊两端的装饰构件 这件绿釉鸱吻 出土于西夏陵6号陵西碑亭遗址 形体高大、威猛雄壮 与唐、辽、金各代鸱吻相比 西夏鸱吻分为上下两部分 下面头部几占整体的二分之一 口、眼、鼻、角雕刻生动 上面尾部出鳍向外翻卷 反映了西夏对唐宋鸱吻形制的继承与创新 同时也体现了西夏高超的琉璃烧造工艺 01:0 ...

漫步展厅，不同年龄层的观众各得其乐。年轻人戴着VR设备，全神贯注地沉浸在南京博物院"物华 天宝"、扬州中国大运河博物馆"运载千秋"、苏州博物馆"纯粹江南"等精彩展览中；白发苍苍的老者借 助裸眼3D技术，悠然欣赏大运河沿线8省17市的壮美风光。"就像穿越到了文物所在的那个年代！"来自 陕西的文博爱好者李文浩不时举起相机，记录下珍贵瞬间。他的镜头里，既有"苏超"赛场上球员们奋力 拼搏的矫健身姿，也有江苏文物瑰宝的灿烂光华。"昨晚的足球赛让我感受到江苏人民的热情与活力， 今天的展览又让我体会了这片土地深厚的历史积淀和文化底蕴。"李先生表示，自己原计划周日返程， 现在特意将行程延长半天，好沉下心来细细品味这场文化盛宴。 足球热潮持续席卷金陵城。5日晚9点，潮涌的人群从灯火通明的奥体涌向附近的河西中央商场、金 鹰世界，稍远些的云锦路和南湖夜市也迎来一拨拨穿着球衣的食客，夜市成了球迷们的"第二主场"。家 住朝天宫附近的居民李淑珍老人发现，这两天街巷也比往常热闹许多。"早上出门买菜，就看见不少游 客往博物馆方向走，有的还穿着球衣。街边的咖啡馆、小吃店都坐满了人。"她打电话告诉住在奥体附 近的女儿，风趣地说："昨天晚上你那边 ...

这批1946年被美非法带离中国的文物，其回归仪式选在中国驻美大使馆举行。 事实上，自1840年以来， 中国流失海外的文物超过1000万件 ，其中不乏国宝级文物，成为大英博 物馆、美国大都会博物馆的镇馆之宝，他们是中国文化遗产不可分割的部分，聚散离合，紧紧牵动着 中华儿女的心弦。 部分文物图片 这是中华民族的历史记忆，既有无比辉煌的五千年文明和上古盛世，也有近代以来屈辱的历史，他们 的回家之路，正是这个古老民族正在走向复兴的历史长卷。 中国人，也越来越关心自己的文化图腾，想让孩子记住，我们的根到底在哪。 美国史密森尼学会于5月16日向中国移交了流失79年的战国帛书《五行令》与《攻守占》。 现在的节假日，要问什么 最火爆？那 一定是 博物馆 。 也正如此，每逢节假日，全国各大城市中， 博物馆 都是最为火爆的游客打卡地之一。 就拿刚刚过去的小长假期来说，仅仅几天时间，超过7000万人选择参观博物馆： ◎ 超过 42万人 ，涌入秦始皇陵兵马俑博物馆； ◎ 超过65 万人 ，打卡600年历史的故宫博物院； ◎ 超过 206万 游客奔向成都博物馆、金沙遗址…… 说起中国人热衷于参观博物馆这个社会现象， 一辈子都在研究中国 ...

Core Viewpoint - The excavation of the Xixia Tombs provides significant insights into the history, culture, and art of the Xixia Dynasty, showcasing the integration of various aspects of Chinese civilization over nearly two centuries [4][5]. Group 1: Archaeological Significance - The Xixia Tombs are the largest, highest-grade, and best-preserved cultural relics of the Xixia civilization, confirmed through systematic archaeological investigations from 1972 to 1977 [5][6]. - The tombs' location utilizes natural geographical features, with a south-east orientation and strategic positioning against the Helan Mountains, enhancing their grandeur [5][6]. Group 2: Structural Composition - The Xixia Tombs consist of both above-ground and underground components, with the underground sections suffering significant damage, while only the 6th tomb has been partially excavated [6]. - The layout of the tombs reflects a blend of Tang and Song architectural characteristics, with unique features such as the Moon City and the arrangement of stone statues along the spirit path [6][7]. Group 3: Artifacts and Cultural Exchange - Excavated artifacts include ceramics, glass, and stone components, showcasing innovative craftsmanship that rivals that of the Central Plains, particularly in the production of glazed components [7][8]. - The discovery of burial items such as coins, silk, and jewelry indicates active trade and cultural exchanges along the Silk Road, highlighting the Xixia's role as a hub for cross-regional interactions [8]. Group 4: Historical Context - The Xixia Tombs provide crucial evidence of the Xixia civilization, contributing to the understanding of the formation and development of a unified multi-ethnic Chinese state [8].

Group 1 - The article highlights an ancient bronze lamp featuring a unique design of a foreign figure, which contrasts with typical Han dynasty motifs like feathered beings and mythical creatures [4][6] - This lamp not only serves as a light source but also functions as a storage tank for lamp oil, showcasing an innovative design where the figure's body holds the oil and allows for easy refilling and cleaning [8][10] - The lamp symbolizes the Han dynasty's cosmological view of "heaven and man responding to each other," represented by the vertical axis of the figure and the phoenix on top [11][13] Group 2 - The lamp's design includes an oil circulation system that efficiently recycles oil, demonstrating advanced environmental awareness for its time [14] - The suspension mechanism employs a triangular structure for stability, allowing the lamp to sway without compromising its balance [18] - The article presents various ancient lamps, emphasizing their unique designs and functionalities, such as a lamp that can filter smoke and a multi-candle lamp from the Warring States period [19][26][30]