Group 1 - The U.S. Department of Energy has signed a $1 billion collaboration agreement with Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) to develop two next-generation AI-driven supercomputers aimed at solving major scientific challenges, including nuclear energy, cancer treatment, and national security [1][2] - The first supercomputer, named "Lux," is expected to be operational within six months and will utilize AMD's latest MI355X AI accelerator cards, along with AMD CPUs and networking chips, designed in collaboration with HPE, Oracle, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) [1][2] - The second supercomputer, "Discovery," will feature enhanced performance using the AMD MI430 AI chip, with a target delivery date of 2028 and operational status by 2029, representing a significant leap in computational power [2] Group 2 - The new supercomputing systems will be hosted by the Department of Energy, with private companies responsible for providing equipment and capital expenditures, indicating a public-private collaboration model [2] - The AI capabilities of the Lux supercomputer are expected to be three times that of existing supercomputers, highlighting the advancements in computational speed and agility that AMD aims to bring to the U.S. AI strategy [1]