据报道，中国科技巨头正加码高端芯片研发，以突破美国科技限制、挑战NVIDIA等企业。目前中美半 导体仍差距明显，但已呈缩小趋势。 年初中国DeepSeek的AI模型因推理能力强且开发成本低（少用高端芯片），曾引发NVIDIA股价大跌。 此后中国政府与科技业研发未停。9月25日，NVIDIA CEO黄仁勋称中国在芯片制造领域仅落后美国几 纳秒（nanosecond，十亿分之一秒），并形容中国的工程师渴望成功且动作快速。 9月16日央视新闻显示，阿里旗下平头哥研发的AI芯片 PPU，效能可媲美NVIDIA为中国市场定制的 H20。 华为新推出的Atlas 900 A3 SuperPoD系统搭载昇腾910B芯片，已大规模出货，还规划2027年推出更先进 芯片，对NVIDIA主导地位构成压力。 其他企业亦有动作。上海沐曦为中国联通等供应先进芯片；寒武纪受益于美国出口管制及中国推动国企 用国产芯片，过去3个月股价飙涨； 其他如互联网巨头腾讯和百度，都投入芯片研发。 NVIDIA一名发言人在回应有关中国芯片公司近期进展的询问时表示："竞争无疑已经到来"。 测试过中美芯片的计算机科学家贾瓦德・哈吉 - 叶海亚表示，中国半导 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of U.S. export controls on China's semiconductor industry, suggesting that these measures may inadvertently accelerate China's push for self-sufficiency and "de-Americanization" in technology [1][2]. Group 1: U.S. Export Controls and China's Response - The U.S. government has implemented a series of export controls aimed at restricting semiconductor technology to China, intending to hinder the development of its chip industry [1]. - Experts, including NVIDIA CEO Jensen Huang, argue that these restrictions may be counterproductive, as they could drive China to enhance its own semiconductor capabilities [1][2]. - Huang claims that China is only "a few nanoseconds" behind the U.S. in chip technology, highlighting the potential for rapid advancements in China's semiconductor sector [1][2]. Group 2: NVIDIA's Strategy and Market Dynamics - NVIDIA is planning to resume shipments of its H20 AI GPU to Chinese customers after a pause due to U.S. export regulations, indicating a willingness to adapt to the changing market [2]. - The company is also developing a new chip that complies with current restrictions while aiming to deliver higher performance, showcasing its commitment to maintaining a presence in the Chinese market [2]. - Huang emphasizes that foreign companies should be allowed to invest and compete in China, as this aligns with China's interests and could foster a more dynamic competitive environment [2][3]. Group 3: China's Semiconductor Development - Chinese companies are increasingly investing in custom chips, either through internal teams or by funding startups, to support their ambitious development plans [3]. - Huawei has launched its Atlas 900 A3 SuperPoD system, featuring the Ascend 910B chip, and aims to achieve or exceed current chip performance levels by 2027 [2][3]. - This shift towards self-sufficiency and the development of proprietary technology poses a significant challenge to NVIDIA, which previously held a 95% market share in China [2].