Core Viewpoint - The article discusses China's recent countermeasures in the ongoing chip war with the United States, highlighting three specific actions taken against American semiconductor companies, particularly Nvidia, in response to U.S. export controls and anti-competitive practices [4][5][6]. Group 1: China's Countermeasures - On September 13, China initiated an anti-dumping investigation into American-made analog chips [4]. - On the same day, China launched an anti-discrimination investigation against U.S. measures affecting the integrated circuit sector [4]. - On September 15, China determined that Nvidia violated antitrust laws, leading to further investigations [4][9]. Group 2: Nvidia's Antitrust Issues - Nvidia recently received U.S. government approval to sell H20 chips to China but faced scrutiny from the Chinese government for alleged antitrust violations [8][9]. - The investigation relates to Nvidia's 2019 acquisition of Mellanox Technologies, which was approved under specific conditions to prevent anti-competitive practices [11][14]. - Nvidia's supply of H20 chips to China has been criticized for not adhering to fair and non-discriminatory principles, as the performance of these chips is significantly lower than their counterparts available in other markets [16][17]. Group 3: Impact on the Semiconductor Industry - The anti-dumping investigation targets analog chips, with significant price discrepancies noted, such as a dumping margin of 340.10% for certain products [24][25][26]. - Major U.S. companies like Texas Instruments, ADI, Broadcom, and ON Semiconductor are implicated, with their combined revenue in China exceeding $10 billion, indicating potential significant financial repercussions [33]. - Following the announcement of these investigations, Chinese semiconductor stocks surged, while U.S. counterparts like Texas Instruments experienced declines [33]. Group 4: Broader Trade Implications - The article suggests that the ongoing trade tensions involve not only direct actions like anti-dumping and antitrust investigations but also broader issues of discrimination in trade practices [35][36]. - The ultimate goal for China is to enhance its self-sufficiency in semiconductor manufacturing, reducing reliance on foreign technology [37][38].