Core Viewpoint - Modern automobiles are evolving into "data centers on wheels," necessitating high-performance computing that can operate reliably under harsh conditions for 10-15 years [1][2]. Group 1: Automotive Computing Needs - The automotive industry requires not only mobility but also autonomy, safety, and continuous software updates, leading to a sustained demand for high-performance computing [1]. - The environment in which automotive systems operate is fundamentally different from that of data centers or smartphones, necessitating robust design [1]. Group 2: Role of imec - imec is positioned at the forefront of integrating mobility and microelectronics, leveraging Europe's strong automotive tradition and semiconductor strategy [2]. - The organization is conducting cutting-edge research to prepare for automotive-grade industrial applications, focusing on advanced packaging, chip architecture, and system integration [2]. Group 3: Chiplet Technology - Chiplet technology, which consists of small modular processing units, is being considered for automotive applications to meet the performance demands of autonomous and connected vehicles [3]. - The advantages of Chiplet include higher yield, cost-effectiveness, architectural flexibility, and heterogeneous integration, although challenges remain regarding long-term reliability in harsh environments [3]. Group 4: Sensor Development - imec's SENSAI project is advancing next-generation sensor technologies, including CMOS cameras and solid-state LiDAR, to enhance vehicle intelligence [4][5]. - A digital twin framework is being developed to simulate sensor configurations, helping to reduce costs and accelerate development without the need for physical prototypes [4]. Group 5: Collaborative Ecosystem - A collaborative ecosystem is essential for the successful integration of chips and sensors in vehicles, as highlighted by imec's STAR program, which aims to standardize interfaces and protocols among automotive manufacturers and semiconductor companies [5]. - The STAR program is focused on establishing consensus through workshops and forums to lay the groundwork for economies of scale in the automotive sector [5].

Core Viewpoint - Automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are navigating significant changes in their business and technology landscapes, including tariff threats, geopolitical shifts, and evolving relationships with suppliers [1][2][6] Group 1: Industry Challenges - OEMs are facing complexities in controlling vertical markets, requiring them to predict customer needs and focus on chips, IP, and software, areas where many are inexperienced [2][4] - The transition to new technologies is causing shifts in core relationships, with varying levels of understanding among suppliers regarding OEMs' needs for advanced features like ADAS [2][3] - The integration of complex systems and software poses significant challenges, as traditional automotive practices have not adequately addressed software quality and complexity [3][4] Group 2: Evolution of ECU Architecture - The historical evolution of electronic control units (ECUs) has led to increased complexity, with luxury vehicles now containing up to 150 ECUs, making management difficult [5][6] - Many companies are transitioning to domain controllers and central computing units to streamline architecture, especially for new entrants without legacy systems [5][6] - The bundling of hardware and software by major suppliers is changing business models, leading to a need for OEMs to adapt their strategies [6][10] Group 3: Electric Vehicle Market Dynamics - Despite a slowdown in global automotive sales, the electric vehicle (EV) market is growing, with projections indicating significant increases in EV adoption in the U.S. and Europe by 2030-2035 [7][8] - EVs require more semiconductors than traditional vehicles, with hybrid and electric vehicles having semiconductor content valued at over twice that of internal combustion engine vehicles [7][8] Group 4: Strategic Partnerships - OEMs are increasingly forming strategic partnerships within their ecosystems to address the complexities of modern automotive technology [10][11] - The shift in OEM roles is evident as they begin to build internal software capabilities and directly engage with semiconductor providers to align with future requirements [11][12] - The automotive ecosystem is evolving, with a focus on collaboration to enhance software and hardware integration, moving away from isolated operations [12][16] Group 5: Market Pressures and Adaptation - OEMs are under pressure to adapt quickly to market demands, with a focus on reducing time-to-market for new technologies and features [16][17] - The integration of new technologies into established processes is a significant challenge, requiring OEMs to manage complex supply chains and customer expectations [16][17] - The need for robust security systems and rapid development cycles is critical as customer expectations evolve [16][17]