Summary of Key Points from J.P. Morgan's Global Data Watch: Asia Industry Overview - **Industry**: Chinese Export Market - **Context**: Analysis of China's export diversification post-US tariffs Core Insights 1. **Export Growth**: Despite US tariffs averaging ~32%, China's goods exports grew by 5% in 2025, consistent with the previous year's growth [1][11] 2. **Redirection of Exports**: China's direct export share to the US decreased by one-third in 2025, from 15% to 10%, leading to a redirection of exports to other markets [1][11] 3. **Broader Diversification**: The decline in US export share was offset by increases in market share across Africa, Asia, and Europe, indicating a broader diversification than previously assumed [1][11] 4. **Impact on Domestic Manufacturing**: Increased Chinese exports are creating pressures on local manufacturing sectors in Asia, evidenced by rising trade barriers on Chinese imports [1][11] 5. **ASEAN Economies**: ASEAN countries, due to strong economic ties with China, are unlikely to push back against increased Chinese imports despite the pressures on their manufacturing bases [1][11] Additional Important Points 1. **Economic Ties**: The strong economic connections between ASEAN economies and China as a source of foreign direct investment (FDI) and as an export market are highlighted [1][11] 2. **Trade Barriers**: The increase in trade barriers on Chinese imports suggests a growing concern among Asian countries regarding the impact of Chinese exports on their local industries [1][11] 3. **Long-term Trends**: The increase in exports to Asia reflects a secular rise over the last decade, with shipments to Asia now making up almost a third of China's export basket [1][11] Economic Forecasts 1. **China's GDP Forecast**: The 4Q GDP forecast for China is maintained at 3.0% quarter-on-quarter seasonally adjusted annual rate (saar) or 4.2% year-on-year (yoy) for 2025, with net exports contributing 1.4 percentage points [11][12] 2. **Fiscal Spending**: Year-to-date fiscal deposits are elevated at 2.04 trillion yuan, indicating weak fiscal spending, which may lead to higher unused funds carrying over into the next year [12][11] This summary encapsulates the key insights and implications regarding China's export dynamics and its impact on regional economies, particularly in the context of ongoing trade tensions and economic forecasts.

Summary of J.P. Morgan's 2026 China Economic Outlook Industry Overview - The report focuses on the **Chinese economy** and its outlook for 2026, highlighting challenges and opportunities in various sectors. Key Economic Forecasts - **Real GDP Growth**: Expected to slow from **4.9% in 2025** to **4.4% in 2026** [2][5][22] - **Nominal GDP Growth**: Forecasted at **4.0% in 2025** and **4.2% in 2026** [2][5] - **CPI Inflation**: Projected to rise to **0.6% in 2026** from **0.0% in 2025** [2][5] - **PPI Deflation**: Expected to persist, with a forecast of **-1.3% in 2026** [2][5] - **Policy Rate**: Anticipated to remain stable around **1.4%** [2] Core Insights - **Economic Resilience**: Despite trade war fears, China's economy showed resilience in 2025, with exports and fiscal expansion supporting growth [5][6][9] - **Deflationary Pressures**: Production continues to outpace demand, leading to intensified deflation and a decline in nominal GDP growth to **4.3%** [5][7] - **Investment Trends**: Investment growth is expected to recover, particularly in high-tech manufacturing, but real estate investment is projected to contract by another **10%** [5][40] - **Consumption Growth**: Modest consumption growth is anticipated, with limited support from subsidies and transfers [5][26][33] Policy and Structural Changes - **15th Five-Year Plan**: Emphasizes advanced manufacturing and technology indigenization, with a lukewarm approach to services [13][14] - **Fiscal Policy**: A fiscal impulse of **0.4-0.5% of GDP** is expected, with total bond issuance reaching **14.5 trillion yuan** in 2026 [5][66] - **Monetary Policy**: The PBOC is expected to implement measured monetary easing, including rate cuts and RRR adjustments [70][78] Trade and Export Dynamics - **Export Growth**: Expected to moderate to **3.4% in 2026**, with net exports contributing less to GDP growth [49][48] - **US-China Trade Relations**: The fragile truce in trade relations may impact future export dynamics, with tariffs likely remaining elevated [18][20][51] Risks and Challenges - **Downside Risks**: Include potential bankruptcies due to anti-involution measures, further deterioration in the housing market, and renewed US-China tensions [89] - **Upside Potential**: Larger-than-expected fiscal expansion and stronger policy shifts towards consumption could enhance growth prospects [89] Additional Considerations - **Household Consumption**: Remains low due to high savings rates driven by job insecurity and a weak social safety net [30][33] - **Investment Recovery**: Uneven, with public investment expected to outpace private investment, particularly in high-tech sectors [39][40] This summary encapsulates the critical insights and forecasts from J.P. Morgan's 2026 China Economic Outlook, providing a comprehensive overview of the anticipated economic landscape.