Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the shift towards "highly customized" chip design driven by advancements in technologies such as AI, large models, intelligent driving, and the Internet of Things, highlighting the challenges and solutions in the context of K library characterization for non-standard cells [1][20]. Group 1: Customization in Chip Design - The traditional model of using standard cells for large-scale chip design is no longer sufficient to meet the increasingly refined and scenario-specific design requirements [1]. - Design teams are increasingly incorporating non-standard/custom cells to achieve better balance among area, power consumption, and performance [1][3]. - The introduction of non-standard cells, such as high-speed CDC modules and pulse latches, allows for targeted system optimization but also raises new challenges in EDA tool modeling capabilities [1][3]. Group 2: K Library Characterization - K library characterization is crucial for ensuring design progress and product reliability, acting as an "invisible engine" in the chip development process [1]. - K library serves as a "genetic map" that provides real physical behavior to standard cells through high-precision simulations, extracting key parameters like timing, power consumption, and noise [2]. - The complexity of non-standard cells necessitates advanced modeling techniques, as any minor deviation can lead to significant timing issues in subsequent designs [5][9]. Group 3: Specific Non-Standard Cells - High-speed CDC units are essential for ensuring safe and reliable data transmission across different clock domains, addressing metastability issues [3]. - Pulse latches utilize narrow pulses for data storage, significantly reducing power consumption, but require precise control of pulse width to avoid data storage errors [5][7]. - Dynamic registers, which store states using capacitors, present challenges in K library extraction due to their sensitivity to noise and the need for regular state updates [9]. Group 4: Liberal's Solutions - The Liberal product from Huada Jiutian offers a comprehensive K library solution, addressing the challenges of custom non-standard cell characterization with high efficiency and precision [2][15]. - Liberal's tools provide accurate simulation incentives and consider various noise factors, ensuring the accuracy of K library models [15][17]. - The introduction of Liberal has significantly improved efficiency and quality in K library extraction for high-performance chip designs, leading to timely delivery and high customer satisfaction [19]. Group 5: Future Outlook - As non-standard designs become more common with advancing process nodes, Liberal aims to continue enhancing K library extraction technology towards greater intelligence, efficiency, and precision [20].