Core Insights - The five-year survival rate for prostate cancer patients in China is approximately 70%, significantly lower than over 97% in developed countries, highlighting the need for early screening to improve outcomes [1][2] - Prostate cancer is a major health burden for men in China, with around 134,000 new cases and 48,000 deaths reported in 2022, indicating a rising trend in incidence and mortality due to an aging population [1][2] - The "China Prostate Cancer Screening Research Report" emphasizes the effectiveness of PSA testing in early detection and improving patient prognosis, advocating for standardized screening practices [1][3] Screening Recommendations - Men over 50 are advised to undergo annual PSA screening, as early detection is crucial for improving survival rates and treatment outcomes [2][3] - Symptoms such as urinary difficulties should prompt immediate medical attention, as many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages due to a lack of awareness and stigma surrounding the disease [2][3] Importance of Early Detection - Early screening is identified as a key starting point for comprehensive management of prostate cancer, significantly enhancing early diagnosis and treatment, which can lead to better survival rates and quality of life [3][4] - The financial burden of late-stage treatment is considerably higher, making early detection not only a health priority but also a cost-effective strategy for healthcare systems [3][4]

Core Insights - Prostate cancer is the most common newly diagnosed cancer among male urogenital tumors in China, with an annual incidence of 134,200 cases, and both incidence and mortality rates are increasing year by year [2] Group 1: Disease Overview - Prostate cancer poses a significant threat to the physical and mental health of middle-aged and elderly men, with the risk of developing the disease increasing with age [2][3] - Regular PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) screening is recommended for men over 50, and for those with a family history of prostate cancer, screening should begin at 45 [2][3] Group 2: Treatment and Prognosis - The early detection of prostate cancer through standardized PSA screening has led to a higher rate of clinical cures among early-stage patients, although over 30% of patients are diagnosed with distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis, resulting in poor overall prognosis [2] - New endocrine therapies and targeted drugs are emerging, significantly improving patient survival rates and quality of life [2][3] Group 3: Monitoring and Quality of Life - In the evaluation of advanced prostate cancer treatment, a rapid and deep decline in PSA levels is a key indicator of good prognosis [3] - Patients receiving new endocrine treatments who achieve a PSA level below 0.2 ng/mL within three months have significantly better progression-free survival and overall survival compared to those with insufficient PSA decline [3] - Effective treatment and care can lead to improved quality of life for advanced prostate cancer patients, supported by family, medical staff, and societal support [3]