Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the necessity and urgency of advancing China's unified market, as indicated by the current high levels of local protectionism reflected in the tax competition index and tax refund rates for listed companies, both at a 20-year high [2][3]. Group 1: European Single Market and Scoreboard System - The European Single Market was established in 1993, allowing free movement of goods, services, capital, and people among its 31 economies [5][19]. - The Single Market Scoreboard (SMS) was created in 1997 to monitor compliance with EU regulations, evolving from a compliance tool to a governance and performance tool by 2011 [22][24]. - The SMS uses a "traffic light" system to evaluate member states' performance across three dimensions: enforcement tools, business framework conditions, and outcomes and competitiveness [6][26]. Group 2: Operation Mechanism of the Scoreboard - The scoreboard evaluates member states based on a set of quantifiable indicators, allowing for cross-regional and temporal comparisons [3][16]. - The first dimension, enforcement tools, includes metrics such as transposition deficit, infringement proceedings, and the efficiency of the Internal Market Information System (IMI) [27][34]. - The second dimension, business framework conditions, assesses the ease of access to public procurement, services markets, and financing, among other factors [10][12][14]. - The third dimension focuses on outcomes and competitiveness, comparing the EU's performance in growth, employment, and digital and green transitions against global benchmarks [15][16]. Group 3: Implications for China's Unified Market - The advantages of the European scoreboard system, such as its quantifiable assessment framework and focus on small and medium enterprises, can serve as a reference for China in building its unified market [3][16]. - The experience of the European Single Market in addressing cross-border barriers and enhancing governance can provide valuable insights for China's market integration efforts [2][3].