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“一年两次” 长效预防药物落地博鳌,加速终结HIV流行
Core Insights - The ongoing battle against HIV/AIDS has persisted for over 40 years, with no cure available, making it a significant global public health issue [1] - In China, over 95% of reported HIV cases are transmitted through sexual contact, with a notable increase in the proportion of cases attributed to sexual transmission in recent years [1] - The introduction of Lenacapavir, a long-acting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drug, marks a significant advancement in HIV prevention strategies [2][7] Group 1: Current Situation of HIV/AIDS in China - The proportion of HIV cases transmitted through sexual contact reached 97.6% in 2022, with heterosexual transmission accounting for 72.0% and homosexual transmission for 25.6% [1] - The Chinese government has recognized the importance of HIV prevention, emphasizing a strategy that combines prevention and treatment [2][4] - Despite public awareness of HIV transmission routes, many individuals still perceive HIV as a distant issue, leading to a significant number of undiagnosed cases [1] Group 2: Challenges in HIV Prevention - The effectiveness of PrEP is not widely understood, and there is a significant gap in public knowledge regarding its necessity and proper usage [2][3] - Adherence to daily medication regimens for PrEP, such as Truvada, poses challenges, leading to many individuals discontinuing use or never starting [5] - The market for HIV treatment drugs in China has shown substantial growth, with projections indicating a market size of 4.96 billion yuan by 2023, reflecting a compound annual growth rate of 18.6% from 2019 to 2023 [5] Group 3: Innovations in HIV Prevention - Lenacapavir, requiring only two doses per year, represents a significant innovation in HIV prevention, providing a long-lasting protective effect [2][7] - The drug works by directly targeting the HIV capsid protein, effectively blocking critical steps in the virus's replication process [7] - Clinical studies have demonstrated that Lenacapavir maintains over 99.9% efficacy in preventing HIV infection among high-risk populations [7][8]