该负责人介绍，一趟长途列车的车票发售主要经历3个阶段：一是票额预分。在车票起售前，铁路12306 依托历史客流数据，先将20%左右的票额分配给邻近始发站的车站，满足该站到达邻近终点站（含终点 站）车站的中长途旅客出行需求，其余票额根据12306大数据分析，自动分配给客流需求较大的长途区 段，上述车票发售后又将裂解出若干短途车票。 针对近期网友反映的"长途有票、短途无票"问题，铁路12306技术中心相关负责人回应媒体采访时，回 答了网友关心的问题，建议有短途出行需求的旅客朋友尽量不选择购买长途列车的区间票，如确需购买 长途列车的区间票出行，在显示"无票"时，可及时提交候补购票订单，并最大限度使用60个"日期+车 次"的购票组合。 二是动态调整。该趟列车起售1天后，如列车仍有余票，铁路12306将根据余票数量和候补购票情况，结 合历史客流数据形成票额分配调整方案，每日将剩余的部分长途票额投放给候补需求比较多的区段使 用，这些车票发售后将继续裂解若干短途车票，以上票额按照同一区间"先到先得"原则优先满足已提交 候补购票需求的旅客。 相关负责人详细介绍了长途旅客列车的售票策略。一趟长途列车的车票发售主要经历3个阶段： ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ticketing strategy of long-distance trains during the Spring Festival travel rush, highlighting the "long-distance priority, short-distance consideration" approach adopted by the railway department to optimize ticket sales and meet passenger demand [1][4]. Ticketing Strategy - The railway department implements a ticketing strategy that prioritizes long-distance travel by allocating most tickets to the starting station or nearby stations, ensuring that long-distance travelers are prioritized [1][4]. - The strategy includes three phases: 1. **Ticket Quota Pre-allocation**: 20% of tickets are allocated to nearby stations before sales begin, with the remaining tickets distributed based on demand for long-distance segments [2]. 2. **Dynamic Adjustment**: After ticket sales start, remaining long-distance tickets are adjusted based on demand and historical data, with a focus on fulfilling waiting list requests [2]. 3. **Open Sale**: Remaining long-distance tickets are made available for sale without restrictions, prioritizing those who have submitted waiting list requests [2]. Example Case - For the G246 train from Guangzhou South to Shanghai Hongqiao, 21% of the total 1238 seats were allocated to nearby stations during the pre-allocation phase, with subsequent adjustments made based on demand [3]. Efficiency and Demand Management - The "long-distance priority, short-distance consideration" strategy is deemed effective in maximizing railway resource utilization and meeting rigid travel demands, especially during peak travel times like the Spring Festival [4]. - The railway system has successfully fulfilled 12.8 million tickets through waiting list requests since the beginning of the Spring Festival, achieving a success rate of over 70%, with 51% of these being short-distance tickets [4].

据介绍，长途列车的车票发售主要经历3个阶段。一是票额预分，即在车票起售前，铁路12306依托历史 客流数据，先将20%左右的票额分配给邻近始发站的车站，满足该站到达邻近终点站（含终点站）车站 的中长途旅客出行需求，其余票额根据12306大数据分析，自动分配给客流需求较大的长途区段，上述 车票发售后又将裂解出若干短途车票。 二是动态调整，即该趟列车起售1天后，如列车仍有余票，铁路12306将根据余票数量和候补购票情况， 结合历史客流数据形成票额分配调整方案，每日将剩余的部分长途票额投放给候补需求比较多的区段使 用，这些车票发售后将继续裂解若干短途车票，以上票额按照同一区间"先到先得"原则优先满足已提交 候补购票需求的旅客。 三是敞开发售，即根据列车开车时刻，在开车前1天或当天，铁路12306将剩余长途票额不限定区间敞开 发售，票额按照同一区间"先到先得"原则优先满足已提交候补购票需求的旅客。 一些网友反映，在购买火车票时，常常会遇到"长途有票、短途无票"的问题。铁路12306技术中心相关 负责人表示，铁路售票策略为"长途优先、兼顾中短途"，长途列车车票发售有3个阶段。今年春运，候 补购票成功率超七成，建议旅客别 ...