Workflow
Sustainability
icon
Search documents
Fresh Del Monte Produce (FDP) - 2025 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-04-30 16:02
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Net sales for Q1 2025 were $1.098 billion, down from $1.108 billion in the prior year, primarily due to lower banana segment sales volume and negative exchange rate fluctuations, partially offset by higher sales in fresh and value-added products [13] - Gross profit increased to $92 million from $82 million year-over-year, driven by higher sales in fresh and value-added segments, despite increased production and distribution costs [13][14] - Gross margin improved to 8.4% from 7.4% in the prior year, reflecting a sequential increase from 6.8% in Q4 2024 [14] - Adjusted EBITDA for Q1 2025 was $61 million, or 6% of net sales, compared to $44 million, or 4%, in the prior year [17] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Fresh and value-added products segment net sales were $683 million, up from $677 million, driven by higher selling prices in avocados and fresh cut fruits [17] - Banana segment net sales decreased to $364 million from $380 million, impacted by lower sales volume and prices in Asia and North America, along with negative exchange rate effects [19] - Other products and services segment net sales remained stable at $51 million, with gross profit increasing to $6 million from $5 million due to higher selling prices in poultry and meats [20][21] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Strong consumer interest in avocados and fresh cut fruits was noted, with these categories central to the company's long-term growth strategy [6] - The company is closely monitoring global production conditions and managing supply-demand imbalances, particularly in the pineapple category, where demand exceeds supply [5][6] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to lead the industry in fresh and value-added products, focusing on quality, innovation, and sustainability [10] - Strategic acquisition of a majority stake in Abolio, a leading avocado oil producer in Uganda, is expected to enhance supply chain efficiency and reduce waste [9] - The company is committed to diversifying its product portfolio and reducing reliance on any single market while investing in operational excellence and sustainability [11] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in continued solid demand for fresh produce, despite consumer pressures, and noted that market disruptions could present opportunities [32] - The company expects net sales to grow by 2% year-over-year for 2025, with gross margins projected to improve across various segments [26][27] - Management is closely monitoring tariff impacts and geopolitical developments but remains optimistic about the fundamentals of the business [25][27] Other Important Information - The company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.30 per share, representing a 3.5% yield based on the current share price [23] - Long-term debt decreased to $233 million, a 5% reduction from the previous fiscal year-end [23] Q&A Session Summary Question: Demand in the produce category - Management noted continuous solid demand in fresh produce, with no expected reductions in consumption, and highlighted potential opportunities arising from market disruptions [32] Question: Logistic issues in the industry - Management acknowledged that smaller operators are at a disadvantage due to logistical disruptions, while the company's integrated supply chain allows for operational flexibility [34][35] Question: Impact of tariffs on pricing - Management is working closely with buyers to mitigate tariff impacts without negatively affecting consumers [36] Question: Performance of avocado segment - The avocado segment is performing well, with diversification in sourcing from various countries, indicating growth potential [38] Question: Fresh cut fruit margins - Management expressed confidence in maintaining strong margins in the fresh cut fruit segment due to improved efficiency and sourcing [41] Question: Pineapple supply and demand - Management indicated that increasing consumption is driving demand for pineapples, which are currently in short supply relative to demand [44][45]
Fresh Del Monte Produce (FDP) - 2025 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-04-30 16:02
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Net sales for Q1 2025 were $1.098 billion, down from $1.108 billion in the prior year, primarily due to lower sales in the banana segment and negative exchange rate fluctuations, partially offset by higher sales in fresh and value-added products [15] - Gross profit increased to $92 million from $82 million year-over-year, driven by higher sales in fresh and value-added segments, despite increased production and distribution costs [15][16] - Gross margin improved to 8.4% from 7.4% in the prior year, reflecting a sequential increase from 6.8% in Q4 2024 [16] - Net income attributable to Fresh Del Monte was $31 million, compared to $26 million in the prior year, with diluted EPS rising to $0.64 from $0.55 [18] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Fresh and value-added products segment net sales were $683 million, up from $677 million, driven by higher selling prices in avocados and fresh cut fruits [19] - Banana segment net sales decreased to $364 million from $380 million, impacted by lower sales volume and prices in Asia and North America [21] - Other products and services segment net sales remained stable at $51 million, with gross profit increasing to $6 million from $5 million due to higher selling prices in poultry and meats [22] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Strong consumer interest in avocados and fresh cut fruits continues, with these categories central to the company's long-term growth strategy [8] - Pineapples are experiencing demand exceeding supply, indicating strong market positioning [7][8] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to lead in fresh and value-added products, focusing on quality, innovation, and sustainability [12] - Strategic acquisition of a majority stake in Abolio, a leading avocado oil producer in Uganda, aims to reduce waste and enhance value in a high-margin category [11] - The company is committed to operational efficiency and leveraging its vertically integrated supply chain to navigate global shipping disruptions [9][10] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in continued solid demand for fresh produce, despite consumer pressures [34] - The company is closely monitoring tariff impacts and is working collaboratively with buyers to mitigate negative effects [38] - Expectations for full-year 2025 include a 2% growth in net sales and targeted gross margins across segments [28][29] Other Important Information - The company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.30 per share, representing a 3.5% yield based on current share price [25] - Long-term debt decreased by 5% from the previous fiscal year-end, reflecting improved financial health [25] Q&A Session Summary Question: Demand in the produce category - Management noted continuous solid demand in fresh produce, with no expected reductions in consumption [34] Question: Logistic issues in the industry - Management indicated that smaller operators are at a disadvantage due to logistical disruptions, while the company remains agile and capable of fulfilling customer demands [36][37] Question: Impact of tariffs on pricing - Management is working with buyers to mitigate tariff impacts without negatively affecting consumers [38] Question: Performance of avocado segment - The avocado segment is performing well, with diversification in sourcing contributing to growth [40] Question: Fresh cut fruit margins - Management believes fresh cut fruit operations are strengthening, with increased efficiency leading to stable margins [44] Question: Pineapple supply and demand - Management highlighted that increasing consumption is driving demand for pineapples, which are still competitively priced compared to other fruits [46][47]
Fresh Del Monte Produce (FDP) - 2025 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-04-30 15:00
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Net sales for Q1 2025 were $1.098 billion, down from $1.108 billion in the prior year, primarily due to lower sales in the banana segment and negative exchange rate fluctuations, partially offset by higher sales in fresh and value-added products [15] - Gross profit increased to $92 million from $82 million year-over-year, driven by higher sales in fresh and value-added segments, despite increased production and distribution costs [15] - Gross margin improved to 8.4% from 7.4% in the prior year and 6.8% in Q4 2024 [16] - Net income attributable to Fresh Del Monte was $31 million, up from $26 million in the prior year, with adjusted net income at $30 million compared to $16 million last year [17] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Fresh and value-added products segment net sales were $683 million, slightly up from $677 million, driven by higher avocado prices and fresh cut fruit sales in North America [19] - Banana segment net sales decreased to $364 million from $380 million, impacted by lower sales volume and prices in Asia and North America due to market demand and supply issues [21] - Other products and services segment net sales remained stable at $51 million, with gross profit increasing to $6 million from $5 million due to higher poultry and meat prices [22] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Strong consumer interest in avocados and fresh cut fruit continues, with the avocado segment expected to grow as sourcing diversifies from Peru and Colombia [39] - Pineapple demand exceeds supply, attributed to increasing consumption and favorable pricing compared to other fruits [44] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to lead in fresh and value-added products, focusing on quality, innovation, and sustainability, with a vision extending through 2025 to 2027 [12] - Strategic acquisition of a majority stake in Abolio, an avocado oil producer, aims to reduce waste and enhance value in a high-margin category [11] - The company is committed to operational excellence, resource efficiency, and global expansion while reducing reliance on any single market [13] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in continued solid demand for fresh produce despite consumer pressures, indicating resilience in the face of logistical disruptions [33] - The company is closely monitoring tariff impacts and working collaboratively with buyers to mitigate costs without negatively affecting consumers [37] - Expectations for full-year 2025 include a 2% growth in net sales and gross margins of 10-11% in fresh and value-added products, 5-7% in bananas, and 12-14% in other products [27][29] Other Important Information - The company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.30 per share, representing a 3.5% yield based on current share price [25] - Long-term debt decreased to $233 million, a 5% reduction from the previous fiscal year-end [25] Q&A Session Summary Question: Demand in the produce category - Management noted solid demand in fresh produce, with no expected reductions in consumption, viewing market disruptions as potential opportunities [33] Question: Logistic issues in the industry - Management confirmed that smaller operators face challenges due to logistics disruptions, while the company’s integrated supply chain allows for uninterrupted operations [34][36] Question: Impact of tariffs on pricing - The company is working with buyers to mitigate tariff impacts cooperatively, aiming to avoid negative effects on consumer prices [37] Question: Performance of avocado segment - The avocado segment is performing well, with growth expected as sourcing diversifies [39] Question: Fresh cut fruit margins - Management expressed confidence in maintaining strong margins in fresh cut fruit operations due to increased efficiency and demand [42] Question: Pineapple supply and demand - Management indicated that increasing consumption is driving demand for pineapples, which are still competitively priced compared to other fruits [44]
Industrial Logistics Properties Trust(ILPT) - 2025 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-04-30 14:00
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Cash basis NOI grew by nearly 2% year over year, while normalized FFO increased 43% year over year and 52% sequentially [7][16] - As of March 31, 2025, NOI was $87,500,000, cash basis NOI was $83,800,000, and adjusted EBITDAre was $85,300,000, all showing increases year over year and sequentially [17] - Interest expense decreased to $69,800,000, reflecting a reduction in interest rate cap costs [17] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company executed over 2,300,000 square feet of total leasing activity with an occupancy rate of 94.6%, reflecting a sequential increase of 20 basis points [7] - The top 10 tenants account for 47% of annualized rental revenues, with over 76% coming from investment-grade rated tenants or secure Hawaii land leases [8] - In Hawaii, 492,000 square feet of renewals were signed at rental rates 18.2% higher than prior rents [9] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The Mainland properties accounted for nearly 80% of renewal activity, with significant leases signed with major companies [12] - The company is tracking 32 deals in its pipeline for over 7,400,000 square feet, anticipating a near-term conversion of 500,000 square feet [14] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to maximize mark-to-market growth opportunities, maintain strong tenant retention, and lease vacancies, particularly in Hawaii and Indianapolis [10] - There is a focus on evaluating opportunities to improve the balance sheet and reduce leverage, potentially through refinancing existing debt and strategic property dispositions [10][30] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management is monitoring the evolving landscape surrounding global tariffs, believing the portfolio is well-positioned to withstand short-term volatility [10] - The company anticipates that tariffs may positively impact tenant demand, leading to higher tenant retention in the short term [38][39] - Management expressed confidence in the long-term value of the Hawaii land despite current leasing challenges [31] Other Important Information - The company reported a one-time benefit of $0.01 per share related to a required remediation payment for a scheduled lease termination in the second quarter [20] - The company has no debt maturities until 2027, with all debt currently carried at fixed rates [17] Q&A Session Summary Question: Details on bad debt recovery impact - The financial impact from bad debt recovery was around $750,000 in revenues [22] Question: Insights on leasing timelines - Leasing timelines are elongated, with tenants starting renewal processes earlier due to more people involved in decision-making [24][25] Question: Status of notable vacancies in Indianapolis and Hawaii - Activity has been seen in Hawaii with proposals out, while negotiations in Indianapolis did not materialize, and the property is actively being marketed [26][28] Question: Motivation for leverage reduction and property sales - The company is seeing unsolicited offers from owner-users, which are usually at higher valuations, prompting consideration for property sales [30] Question: Impact of tariffs on tenant decisions - Tariffs are anticipated to be beneficial for tenant demand, with some tenants opting to stay in place rather than relocate due to concerns over construction costs [38][39] Question: Exposure of Hawaii portfolio to inbound travel - The portfolio's exposure to inbound travel is minimal, as tenants generally serve the local economy rather than relying on tourism [40]
Coca-Cola(KO) - 2025 FY - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-04-30 12:30
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The Coca-Cola Company reported strong growth and sustained momentum in FY 2025 despite external challenges such as inflation and geopolitical issues [2] - The company celebrated a milestone of $30 billion brands, with half of those being organic and half acquired [4] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company operates approximately 200 master brands across more than 200 countries and territories, showcasing its ability to scale [4] - Coca-Cola's global workforce of over 700,000 is focused on serving consumers with beverages they love [2] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Coca-Cola's all-weather strategy aims to drive top-line revenue and deliver robust bottom-line returns, indicating a strong market presence [2] - The company continues to expand its portfolio to include healthier beverage options, with 68% of its beverage portfolio containing fewer than 100 calories per 12-ounce serving [89] Company Strategy and Development Direction - Coca-Cola is committed to being a total beverage company, focusing on innovation and digital experimentation to meet evolving consumer demands [6] - The company emphasizes sustainability goals, including improving water security, reducing packaging waste, and decreasing emissions [5] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in future growth opportunities globally, despite the challenges faced [6] - The company remains focused on consumer preferences and is committed to providing a diverse portfolio of beverages [87] Other Important Information - Coca-Cola's commitment to refillable packaging remains strong, with significant investments in refillable bottling lines and new packaging options [84][85] - The company has been actively engaging in sustainability efforts, including reducing plastic waste and increasing the use of recycled materials [91] Q&A Session Summary Question: Plans to expand reusable packaging - Management confirmed ongoing focus on refillable packaging, with examples of growth in returnable glass bottles and investments in various markets [82][83] Question: Steps towards healthier beverages - Coca-Cola is dedicated to offering a diverse beverage portfolio, including low and no-calorie drinks, and has invested significantly in products with enhanced nutritional benefits [87][88] Question: Addressing plastic pollution - The company is focused on reducing plastic waste through refillables and increasing the use of recycled materials, while advocating for improved collection infrastructure [91][92] Question: Reviving retired brands like Tab - Management indicated no current plans to revive Tab but acknowledged the potential for limited runs of retired products in the future [96][97]
Empire State Realty Trust(ESRT) - 2025 Q1 - Earnings Call Presentation
2025-04-30 11:17
Financial Highlights - Core FFO per share was $0.19 in 1Q25[5] - Same-Store Property Cash NOI decreased by 1.9% year-over-year, but increased by 0.4% when adjusted for non-recurring items[5] - The company reaffirmed its 2025 FFO guidance at $0.86-$0.89[5] - $2.1 million of shares were repurchased at $6.92/share through April 28, 2025[5] Leasing and Occupancy - Manhattan office leasing achieved +10.4% positive mark-to-market spreads in 1Q25[5] - The commercial portfolio leased rate increased +110bps y/y in 1Q25 to 92.5%[16] - Total office leased rate increased +80bps y/y in 1Q25 to 92.3%[16] ESB Observatory - Revenue per visitor increased by 5.9% year-over-year[5, 11] - 2025 Observatory guidance is unchanged at $97-102 million, compared to $99.5 million in 2024[5] Portfolio Composition - NYC Office accounts for 56% of Pro-Forma 1Q25 TTM NOI[11] - ESB Observatory accounts for 25% of Pro-Forma 1Q25 TTM NOI[11] - NYC Retail accounts for 12% of Pro-Forma 1Q25 TTM NOI[11] - NYC Multifamily accounts for 5% of Pro-Forma 1Q25 TTM NOI[11] Capital Recycling - Approximately $675 million has been invested into NYC multifamily and retail assets to date[33] - Approximately $250 million portfolio on North 6th Street[59]
Trane Technologies(TT) - 2025 Q1 - Earnings Call Presentation
2025-04-30 10:42
Financial Performance - Organic revenue increased by 11% in Q1 2025[9, 16], driven by strong volume growth, positive price realization, and productivity[16] - Adjusted EPS increased by 26% in Q1 2025[9, 16], reaching $245 compared to $194 in Q1 2024[16] - Adjusted EBITDA margin increased by 130 basis points in Q1 2025[9, 16], and adjusted operating margin increased by 100 basis points[16] Bookings and Backlog - The book-to-bill ratio was 113% in Q1 2025[9, 10], with organic bookings up by 4%[10] - The ending backlog reached $73 billion, up approximately $500 million or 8% from year-end 2024[9, 10] - Americas CHVAC experienced record quarterly bookings, with a book-to-bill ratio of 115% and backlog up approximately $400 million from year-end 2024[10] Segment Results - Americas revenue increased by 13% organically[18] - EMEA revenue increased by 6% organically[18] - Asia Pacific revenue decreased by 3% organically[18] Guidance - The company expects organic revenue growth of 7% to 8% for FY 2025[9, 23] - The company expects adjusted EPS of $1270 to $1290 for FY 2025[9, 23] - The company anticipates approximately 8% organic revenue growth for Q2 2025, with adjusted EPS of approximately $375[23, 39] Capital Deployment - Approximately $775 million in capital was deployed YTD in April 2025, including approximately $210 million in dividends and approximately $550 million in share repurchases[31] - The company targets approximately $25 billion to $30 billion in total capital deployed for FY 2025[30, 31], including approximately $800 million in dividends and $150 million in debt retirement[31]
Press release - Q1 2025 Results
Globenewswire· 2025-04-30 06:00
Core Viewpoint - Air France-KLM reported a solid start to 2025 with improved operating results and strong cash flow generation, despite facing uncertainties in the market [3][5]. Financial Performance - The Group's revenues increased by 7.7% year-over-year to €7.165 billion, driven by growth across all business segments [8][41]. - The operating result improved by €161 million compared to the previous year, standing at -€328 million, with an operating margin of -4.6% [8][10]. - Recurring adjusted operating free cash flow reached €783 million, up €190 million from last year [11][47]. - Net debt decreased to €6.928 billion, down €0.4 billion, with a net debt/EBITDA ratio of 1.6x [13][46]. Operational Metrics - The Group welcomed 21.8 million passengers in the first quarter, a 4.5% increase from last year, with capacity up by 3.8% and traffic by 3.3% [6][7]. - The passenger load factor remained stable at 86.0%, while unit revenue per available seat kilometer (ASK) increased by 3.0% at constant currency [9][24]. - The cargo segment saw a strong performance with unit revenue per available ton kilometer (ATK) up by 16.2% at constant currency [9][31]. Strategic Developments - The successful launch of Air France's new La Première experience marks a key milestone in the premiumization strategy [4]. - The Group continues to focus on fleet renewal, aiming for 80% of its fleet to consist of new generation aircraft by 2030 [17][20]. Market Outlook - Despite uncertainties, the Group maintains its FY 2025 outlook, expecting capacity to increase by 4-5% compared to 2024 and unit costs to rise by a low single digit [19][19]. - The Group is committed to sustainability, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions per revenue ton-kilometer by 30% by 2030 compared to 2019 [14].
NEXE Innovations Announces Financial Results for the Three Months Ended February 28, 2025
Globenewswire· 2025-04-29 23:05
Core Insights - NEXE Innovations Inc. has reported significant growth in Q3 2025, surpassing one million compostable pods sold and more than doubling revenues compared to Q2 2025 [6][10] - The company is focusing on expanding its market presence in Canada while developing its strategy for the U.S. market, which is the largest for Keurig-compatible pods, with an annual market size of approximately 20 billion pods [2][6] - NEXE's proprietary compostable pods are designed to provide a better coffee experience while being environmentally friendly, with positive customer feedback and a diverse customer base across various channels [3][5] Financial Performance - For Q3 2025, NEXE reported revenues of $173,721, a significant increase from $24,927 in Q3 2024 [10] - The company maintains a strong cash position of $10.3 million and minimal debt of $378,252 related to an interest-free government loan [4][10] - NEXE's working capital as of February 28, 2025, was $12,901,201, showing a slight increase from $12,836,802 on May 31, 2024 [10] Strategic Partnerships and Market Expansion - NEXE has established four new partnerships, including a multi-year master manufacturing agreement, to enhance its market reach [6][10] - The company is actively working on testing and sampling Nespresso OriginalLine compostable pods, with a potential rollout expected later in 2025 [6][10] - NEXE is also exploring additional product development opportunities using its proprietary resin to target various industries beyond coffee [7][10] Operational Strategy - The company is focused on disciplined capital management and has plans to lower capital expenditures, with recent investments amounting to $179,777 [10] - NEXE has built a lean production team in Windsor and is expected to continue hiring as production ramps up [10] - The operational footprint and equipment are in place to meet the anticipated capacity for compostable coffee pods in the coming year [10]
Mondelez International(MDLZ) - 2025 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-04-29 21:00
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported a 3.1% growth in organic net revenue for Q1 2025, driven by strong pricing execution in the chocolate business despite significant cocoa input cost inflation [6][18] - Adjusted gross profit was significantly impacted by record cocoa costs, leading to an 18% decline in EPS on a constant currency basis [9][32] - Free cash flow for the quarter was $800 million, with a stock repurchase of $1.5 billion at an average price of $57.91 [9][33] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The chocolate segment grew by 10.1%, with significant growth across both developed and emerging markets, although volume mix was down 5.7% due to elasticities and trade destocking [22][24] - The biscuits and baked snacks category grew by 0.3%, with notable brands like Loo and Seven Days contributing to growth, but faced challenges in the U.S. due to retailer destocking [20][21] - Gum and candy grew by 1%, driven by performance in China and Mexico, but faced volume mix challenges in the U.S. [22] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - North America experienced a revenue decline of 3.6%, primarily due to retailer destocking and softer consumer demand, particularly in the food and mass channel [26] - Europe saw an 8.9% growth in Q1, with strong execution in key countries like the UK, France, and Germany, benefiting from successful pricing execution and Easter season performance [24][25] - Emerging markets grew by 3.9%, with strong performance in Brazil and China, although India and Southeast Asia showed some softness [19][28] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company remains committed to its strategic growth agenda, focusing on brand reinvestment, expanding distribution, and sustainability initiatives [11][14] - The chocolate strategy is on track, with a focus on offering a variety of pack sizes and maintaining entry-level pricing to drive consumption [15][16] - The company aims to navigate cocoa cost challenges while driving long-term category health and share gains [17][38] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the full-year outlook despite external volatility, highlighting strong pricing execution and category growth [6][7] - Consumer sentiment is mixed, with North America facing significant challenges due to inflation fears, while Europe shows stable consumer confidence [46][49] - The company expects to see an acceleration in top-line growth in Q2, driven by successful Easter activations and improved pricing strategies [60][62] Other Important Information - The company achieved a top-tier ranking in the global advantage survey for retailer partnerships and made significant progress in sustainability targets [13][14] - Cocoa prices remain elevated, but the company anticipates a small surplus for the year, with expectations of potential demand declines impacting future cocoa prices [33][34] Q&A Session Summary Question: Trends in key regions for the year ahead - Management noted strong pricing execution in Europe and share gains in emerging markets, while North America remains softer due to retail destocking [41][44] Question: Key considerations for North America and pricing in Europe - Management reaffirmed guidance for 2025, highlighting successful customer negotiations and strong pricing execution across markets [55][56] Question: Strategy to mitigate cocoa inflation - The company emphasized a balanced approach involving pricing, productivity, and RGM strategies, with ongoing monitoring of consumer reactions [67][68] Question: Insights on North American destocking - Destocking was primarily observed in food and mass channels, with DSD systems not fully mitigating the impact [88][89] Question: Profit dollar generation and future cadence - The company experienced better-than-expected profit dollar generation due to improved pricing and productivity, with manageable tariff impacts anticipated [93][96]