面向家庭部门的财政扩张应该是当前逆周期调节的主要载体。不同于货币政策，财政政策可以通过政府 与家庭部门直接发生经济与交易行为（转移支付、税收等）而快速有效地作用于消费。把提振消费作为 第一重点任务，必然意味财政政策是逆周期调节的第一有效工具。具体而言，完善社会保障体系，尤其 是改善弱势群体的保障，促进中低收入群体增收减负，是结合民生与消费的有效抓手。综合来看，面向 家庭部门的财政扩张可以兼顾稳增长、扎实推进共同富裕以及应对地缘经济挑战，达到一举多得的效 果。 现阶段面向家庭部门的财政扩张，尤其改善社会保障机制，既促进当前消费需求，也促进未来的财政自 动稳定器功能，是兼顾逆周期和跨周期（调整结构）的有效手段。短期来看，面向家庭的财政扩张可能 带来一定的财政收支缺口，因而要辅之以融资端增加国债发行。长远来看，则需要推动财税体制改革， 比如增加具有累进属性的直接税有利于调节收入差距、增强财政的自动稳定器功能。党的二十届三中全 会《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》提出"健全直接税体系""规范经营 所得、资本所得、财产所得税收政策，实行劳动性所得统一征税""研究同新业态相适应的税收制 度"等，是 ...

Group 1 - Zhang Tianren, chairman of Tianneng Holding Group, plans to submit over 20 proposals at the National People's Congress, focusing on new productivity, technological innovation, digital economy, rural revitalization, and common prosperity [1] - Zhang emphasizes that lead-acid batteries are an integral part of new energy batteries, playing a crucial role in supporting the national dual carbon strategy and ecological civilization construction, thus being key to green and high-quality development [1] - He suggests that relevant departments should quickly study the cancellation or reduction of the consumption tax on lead-acid batteries to promote high-quality industry development and inject new momentum into the dual carbon goals and green transition [1] Group 2 - With the increasing volume of retired new energy batteries, improper disposal can lead to environmental pollution and safety hazards, contradicting the original intention of developing new energy [2] - Zhang proposes the establishment of a comprehensive information traceability system covering the entire lifecycle of batteries, ensuring that battery flows are traceable and regulated [2] - He advocates for more support in terms of tax and policies for large-scale, socially contributing "white list" enterprises to encourage the growth of compliant companies [2] Group 3 - Zhang has been attentive to the livelihood sector, having previously suggested modifications to electric bicycle standards, which were adopted in new regulations that enhance safety and promote industry upgrades [2] - This year, he continues to advocate for green transportation, noting that many cities still enforce outdated "motorcycle bans" that equate environmentally friendly electric motorcycles with traditional fuel motorcycles [2] - He recommends updating policies to adapt to modern needs, such as relaxing restrictions in urban areas and exploring more refined management methods like time-based management in core areas [3]