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2026年3月2日利率债观察:坐享收益率下行
EBSCN· 2026-03-02 15:10
2026 年 3 月 2 日 总量研究 坐享收益率下行 ——2026 年 3 月 2 日利率债观察 要点 1、坐享收益率下行 自 2025 年 8 月底算起的半年时间里,10Y 国债收益率大体在 1.8%-1.9%区间内 震荡。一方面,长时间的窄幅震荡(或说是平稳运行)说明债市的多空力量相对 均衡、投资者的分歧收敛,10Y 国债的估值已不像 2025 年初时那样极致,进入 了较为合理的水平。另一方面,经过长时间的震荡后,市场必然会"选择"一个 方向。在 2026 年 1 月 27 日的报告《"4.5%至 5%"的预期与长债的收益率》 中,我们判断"在 7D OMO 降息预期形成之后"10Y 国债收益率的中枢会实实 在在地下移;在 2026 年 2 月 8 日的报告《7D OMO 降息的预期在升温》中,我 们再次指出"当前 7D OMO 降息的预期正在升温"。事实上,最近三个交易日 10Y 国债收益率均略低于 1.80%。 我们判断,今年 3、4 月份 7D OMO 降息是可以期待的。在 2025 年 7 月 27 日 的报告《浅论 DR 运行及货币政策操作》中我们曾提示,DR007 不再是货币政策 态度的体现 ...
20%→0!人民币持续升值,央行出手,什么信号?
Guan Cha Zhe Wang· 2026-02-27 03:36
首先,逆周期调节,稳定市场预期。当前人民币汇率走强、市场预期平稳,下调准备金率是从此前 "抑 制贬值" 的应急干预转向常态化管理,即不再需要通过人为提高购汇成本来抑制贬值,而是让市场机制 更充分发挥作用,引导各方理性看待汇率波动,减少顺周期 "羊群效应",维持人民币汇率在合理均衡 水平上的基本稳定。 外汇风险准备金率是中国人民银行针对银行远期售汇业务创设的逆周期宏观审慎管理工具,通过要求金 融机构按签约额比例缴存无息准备金,传导至远期售汇价格进而调节市场交易行为。 其次,支持企业主动做好汇率风险管理。此前20%的外汇风险准备金虽由银行缴纳,但在实际业务中, 一些银行有可能通过调整远期报价、扩大点差等方式将这部分隐性成本转嫁给企业,导致企业锁定远期 汇率的成本偏高,部分中小企业因此放弃套保,直接暴露于汇率风险之下。本次下调将显著降低外贸企 业远期购汇的套保成本,有助于鼓励更多中小企业理性对冲汇率波动,稳定生产经营预期。 观察者网注意到,外汇风险准备金率上一次调整是在2022年9月28日,这是时隔近3年半央行再次使用该 工具。 【文/观察者网 王慧】2月27日,中国人民银行宣布,决定自2026年3月2日起,将远期 ...
从20%降至0!央行最新动作!时隔3年再次调整
Ge Long Hui· 2026-02-27 03:15
2月27日,在人民币兑美元汇率升至6.84附近之际,中国人民银行今日宣布,决定自2026年3月2日起,将远期售汇业务的外 汇风险准备金率从20%下调至0。央行表示,下一步,将继续引导金融机构优化对企业汇率避险服务,保持人民币汇率在合 理均衡水平上的基本稳定。 消息公布后,离岸人民币兑美元快速走低逾200点,跌0.23%,跌至6.86047。 有专家表示,此举能够降低企业远期购汇成本,提高企业在购汇方向开展外汇套保的积极性,也有利于支持企业合理运用 外汇衍生产品管理好汇率风险。这是时隔近3年半央行再次使用该工具,本次下调远期售汇风险准备金率实质上是合理退出 前期措施,促进外汇政策回归中性。 2. 这个动作是如何起作用的? 3. 释放了什么信号? 总结: 更多 。 图片 视频 新闻 在人民币升值的时候央行决定将远期售汇业务的外汇风险准备金率 下调为0是什么意思 在人民币升值背景下,央行将远期售汇风险准备金率下调为0,是一次非常典型的"逆周期调 节"。 简单直白地理解:这是央行在给人民币升值"降温",防止人民币涨得太快。 以下是具体的逻辑链路: 1. 为什么升值时要这么做?(政策意图) 当人民币连续走强(升值)时, ...
央行发布通知系统性规范人民币跨境同业融资业务,引入宏观审慎调节参数实施逆周期调节
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-26 16:23
中国人民银行有关负责人表示,央行将综合考虑离岸市场发展、跨境资本流动形势及银行展业情况等因 素适时调整参数。《通知》的管理逻辑与此前出台的境外贷款、境外放款等措施一脉相承,是对全口径 跨境融资宏观审慎管理的有效补充。在统一的净融出余额上限内,银行可灵活调整各项业务结构,较以 往分项设限的模式更为系统。 2月26日,中国人民银行发布《关于银行业金融机构人民币跨境同业融资业务有关事宜的通知》(以下 简称《通知》),对人民币跨境同业融资业务进行系统性规范,《通知》自发布之日起实施。 人民币跨境同业融资涵盖账户融资、债券回购等境内银行与境外机构之间的人民币资金融通业务,是境 内银行向离岸市场输送人民币流动性的重要通道。《通知》遵循"实质重于形式"原则,将境内银行与境 外机构之间存在实质债权债务关系的各类人民币资金融通业务统一纳入管理范围,同时为未来新增同类 业务预留了适用空间。 在调节机制方面,《通知》将境内银行跨境同业融资净融出余额与其资本水平、资金实力挂钩,并引入 跨境业务调节参数和宏观审慎调节参数,据此实施逆周期调节。当净融出余额触及上限的80%时,银行 须启动内部预警。 适用机构涵盖中资银行、外商独资银行、中 ...
经济日报:年内降息降准还有一定空间
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-25 23:40
招联首席经济学家董希淼表示,2025年以来,一揽子重磅政策陆续出台,其政策效应还需要进一步发 挥。加强存量政策执行落实和持续优化,是2026年宏观政策重要着力点。 经济日报:2025年12月召开的中央经济工作会议提出,发挥存量政策和增量政策集成效应,加大逆周期 和跨周期调节力度。 东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青表示,伴随美国高关税对全球贸易和我国出口负面影响的逐步显现,二季 度宏观经济可能出现一定下行压力,届时不排除逆周期调节政策发力的可能。 在此过程中,适时实施降准降息尤其是引导LPR稳中有降,仍然具有空间和可能。中信证券首席经济学 家明明分析,在当下实体经济融资成本已相对较低,而银行息差有待修复的环境下,国内降息的紧迫性 并不强,实际操作节奏可能取决于信贷需求修复情况,需关注一季度各项金融数据成色。 ...
年内降息降准还有一定空间
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-02-25 22:05
Core Viewpoint - The Loan Prime Rate (LPR) in China remains unchanged for the ninth consecutive month, with the 1-year LPR at 3% and the 5-year LPR at 3.5%, aligning with market expectations [2][3]. Group 1: LPR Stability - The stability of the LPR is attributed to the unchanged policy interest rates, particularly the central bank's 7-day reverse repurchase rate, which serves as a pricing basis for the LPR [2]. - Despite a slight decline in major medium to long-term market interest rates, the net interest margin of commercial banks is at a historical low, reducing the incentive for banks to lower the LPR [2][3]. Group 2: Economic Context - The current low level of interest rates diminishes the urgency for a decrease in the LPR, with the weighted average interest rate for new corporate loans at approximately 3.2%, down about 20 basis points year-on-year, and personal housing loans at 3.1%, roughly stable compared to the previous year [3]. - The macroeconomic environment is supported by strong exports and rapid development in high-tech manufacturing, allowing the economy to withstand external pressures and achieve growth targets [3]. Group 3: Future Policy Outlook - The central economic work conference emphasizes the integration of existing policies and the need for counter-cyclical adjustments, indicating potential for future interest rate cuts [4]. - The People's Bank of China has indicated that there is still room for adjustments in the reserve requirement ratio and policy rates, with the current average reserve requirement ratio at 6.3% [4]. - The urgency for domestic interest rate cuts is low, but future actions may depend on the recovery of credit demand and the performance of financial data in the first quarter [5].
宏观政策更加积极有为
Jing Ji Ri Bao· 2026-02-25 22:01
Core Viewpoint - In 2025, China will implement a more proactive macroeconomic policy to support economic growth, with the highest fiscal deficit levels in recent years and a significant increase in government bond issuance to boost key sector spending [1][2]. Fiscal Policy - The fiscal policy for 2025 will feature a deficit rate set at around 4%, an increase of 1 percentage point from the previous year [2]. - The new government debt scale will reach 11.86 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.9 trillion yuan from the previous year [2]. - National general public budget expenditure is projected to be 287.395 billion yuan, a 1% increase from 2024, while government fund budget expenditure will be 1.129 trillion yuan, up 11.3% [2]. Government Bonds - Government bonds will play a crucial role in expanding investment and addressing shortfalls, with expenditures on special bonds reaching 619 billion yuan, a 37.6% increase from 2024 [3]. - The fiscal policy will utilize a combination of tools, including increasing the fiscal deficit rate and issuing long-term special bonds to support macroeconomic stability and high-quality development [3]. Monetary Policy - The monetary policy will see a rapid growth in the total financial volume, with M2 growth significantly outpacing nominal GDP growth [3]. - By the end of 2025, the RMB loan balance is expected to reach 272 trillion yuan, with a growth rate of around 7% after adjusting for local debt impacts [3]. - The People's Bank of China will continue to implement a package of financial support measures to solidify the economic recovery [2][3]. Support for Domestic Demand - The combination of fiscal and monetary policies aims to boost investment, enhance consumption, and improve livelihoods, with 1.3 trillion yuan allocated for special long-term bonds to support key projects [4]. - The "old-for-new" consumption program is expected to generate sales exceeding 2.6 trillion yuan, benefiting over 360 million people [4]. Financial Support for Consumption - By the end of 2025, financial institutions have reported applications for 118.4 billion yuan in re-loans to support consumption and elderly care [5]. - Consumer loans, excluding personal housing loans, are projected to reach 21.2 trillion yuan by the end of November 2025 [5]. Policy Integration - In early 2026, the continued issuance of long-term special bonds will support consumption and equipment upgrades, injecting strong momentum into the economy [6]. - The macroeconomic policies will focus on promoting domestic demand through coordinated fiscal and monetary measures [8]. Future Outlook - The central economic work conference has confirmed the continuation of proactive fiscal and moderately loose monetary policies in 2026, emphasizing precision and effectiveness in policy implementation [7]. - The collaboration between fiscal and monetary policies is expected to enhance the consistency of macroeconomic policies and stimulate domestic demand [8].
LPR为何连续9个月“按兵不动”?
2月24日,中国人民银行授权全国银行间同业拆借中心公布,当日贷款市场报价利率(LPR)为:1年期 LPR为3.0%,5年期以上LPR为3.5%。这是LPR连续第9个月保持不变。 央行数据显示,2025年12月,新发放企业贷款加权平均利率和新发放个人住房贷款加权平均利率均在 3.1%左右,处于历史低位。 不过,外部不确定性仍可能加大政策调节力度。美国最高法院日前公布裁决,认定美国《国际紧急经济 权力法》未授权总统征收大规模关税。随后,美国总统特朗普宣布将对来自所有国家和地区的商品加征 15%的关税,令全球贸易不确定性再度上升。 对此,苏商银行特约研究员武泽伟在接受《中国经营报》记者采访时表示:"LPR连续第9个月保持不 变,主要受政策利率稳定、银行净息差承压以及货币政策进入观察期三重因素叠加影响。" 武泽伟进一步解释称:"从定价机制看,2月以来,作为LPR核心锚的7天期逆回购利率保持稳定,这意 味着LPR报价的定价基础未发生变化。从银行端看,2025年第四季度,商业银行净息差持续处于1.42% 的历史低位,报价行缺乏主动下调加点的动力。更深层次的原因在于,2025年我国经济顺利完成增长目 标,出口保持偏强态势, ...
2026年2月LPR维持不变,二季度降息可期、楼市定向支持成重点
Jin Rong Jie· 2026-02-24 02:17
东方金诚分析认为,就当期LPR报价维持不变的直接驱动因素而言,核心源于两大关键支撑:其一,政 策利率锚定作用凸显。2月以来,央行7天期逆回购利率始终保持稳定,而LPR报价以政策利率为核心定 价基础,这一前提未发生变化,已在很大程度上锁定了当月LPR"稳字当头"的格局,与此前多个月份报 价逻辑保持一致。其二,商业银行报价动力不足。尽管春节前央行实施较大规模流动性投放,带动近期 1年期商业银行(AAA级)同业存单到期收益率等主要中长端市场利率出现小幅下行,但2025年四季度 末商业银行净息差已持续处于1.42%的历史最低水平,在息差承压的背景下,报价行缺乏主动下调LPR 加点的意愿,这也是近期LPR持续维稳的重要现实约束。 2026年2月24日,中国人民银行授权全国银行间同业拆借中心公布最新一期贷款市场报价利率 (LPR):1年期品种报3.0%,与上月持平;5年期以上品种报3.5%,较上月保持稳定。东方金诚指出, 本次LPR报价延续"按兵不动"态势,完全符合市场预期,短期货币政策仍处于观察期,后续随着内外部 环境变化,逆周期调节力度有望加大,二季度LPR下调窗口可期,同时房地产市场定向利率支持将成为 政策发力关键 ...
政策周观察第 68 期:今年经济工作的新部署
Huachuang Securities· 2026-02-23 13:51
Policy Direction - The policy emphasizes "stability while seeking progress" and aims for a good start to the "14th Five-Year Plan" with a focus on counter-cyclical adjustments and short-term economic stability, warning against "policy dependency" without reform support[1] - Investment should not follow the old path of "rapid expansion" but focus on the real economy and technological innovation, with an emphasis on improving people's livelihoods and human resource development[2] Investment and Consumption - The government plans to optimize the implementation of "dual heavy" projects and increase central investment subsidy standards, while enhancing the management of local government special bonds to boost project construction[2] - There is a commitment to increase basic pensions for urban and rural residents and to release potential in service consumption sectors such as tourism, events, dining, and health care[3] Market Competition and Industry Development - Measures will be taken to regulate "involution-style" competition through a list of encouraged and prohibited items for local government investment, aiming to create a fair market order[3] - The focus will be on developing emerging pillar industries such as integrated circuits, aerospace, and biomedicine, while emphasizing the importance of artificial intelligence as a key variable[4] Risk Management - The report highlights the need to manage risks in key areas, including supporting reasonable financing needs of real estate companies and preventing debt default risks[9] - It calls for optimizing debt restructuring and replacement methods to mitigate risks associated with local government financing platforms[10]