Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling does not dismantle the tariff barriers established by former President Trump, as he may still utilize various legal tools to reinstate large-scale tariffs [1][8]. Group 1: Legal Tools for Tariffs - The 1962 Trade Expansion Act's Section 232 is the most relied upon tool for tariffs, allowing the President to impose tariffs on imports for national security reasons without limits on rates or duration [2][9]. - Section 301 of the 1974 Trade Act empowers the U.S. Trade Representative to impose tariffs on countries deemed discriminatory against U.S. businesses, with no upper limit on rates [3][10]. - Section 122 of the 1974 Trade Act permits the President to impose tariffs of up to 15% for a maximum of 150 days in response to significant international payment imbalances, without prior investigation [12][13]. Group 2: Limitations and Challenges - Section 232 requires a Department of Commerce investigation, which can take up to 270 days, limiting its immediate implementation [2][9]. - Section 301 involves a complex process of investigation and public consultation, making it cumbersome for targeting multiple smaller countries [4][11]. - Section 201 of the 1974 Trade Act allows tariffs if increased imports threaten U.S. manufacturers, but it also requires an investigation and has a maximum tariff rate of 50% [6][14]. Group 3: Controversial Options - The 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act's Section 338 allows the President to impose tariffs of up to 50% without prior investigation, but it has not been used historically due to concerns about its impact on global trade [5][15]. - There are political concerns regarding the potential use of Section 338, as evidenced by a resolution from five Democratic Congress members seeking its repeal [7][16].

美国贸易代表贾米森·格里尔，尽管中美达成贸易临时协议，美方仍将继续调查中国是否遵守特朗普第一任期内达成的贸易协定。该调查基于《1974 年贸易 法》第 301 条款进行，可能为美国对中国商品征收新关税提供法律依据。 中国外交部发言人郭嘉昆回应称，希望双方落实两国元首达成的重要共识，在平等、尊重、互惠基础上通过对话协商推动中美关系稳定发展。 ...