如果南博所谓"江南春图卷，伪，一般。陈鎏题引首真，后面题跋完全不对。伪做得很好，原庞家是当真的藏的"之结论，确系由当年的张珩、韩慎先、谢稚 柳三人所下，那是否可以认为此作就是赝品呢？ 很可惜，并不能。 【文/观察者网专栏作者 平佳健】 近日，庞元济后人庞叔令质疑其父庞增和及家人于1959年捐赠南京博物院（以下简称"南博"）的明代仇英《江南春》图卷因未得到妥善保管而流入市场，要 求南博就庞家所捐赠137件（套）古代书画逐一当面清点并说明现状。该诉求因未得到南博方面的回复，庞叔令向南京市玄武区人民法院提起诉讼，并在社 会上引起了轩然大波。 其中的是非曲折，庞叔令与南博都给出了各自的说法。具体的事实厘清，当然还有待于江苏省文化和旅游厅工作专班联合调查后所下的结论，但我想根据目 前所掌握的情况，先就其中涉及的几个问题做一点分析，并谈一下个人的见解。 首先是仇英《江南春》图卷的真伪判定问题，这是双方所有争议中的第一个点，也关系到南博后续一系列操作是否合法合规的问题。 对此，南博一方给出材料，宣称此作曾于1961年经张珩、韩慎先、谢稚柳三人组成的国家文物局"书画鉴定小组（第一次）"鉴定，结论为赝品。1964年经王 敦化、 ...

Core Viewpoint - The application of scientific instruments in the field of art authentication marks a significant shift from traditional experience-based methods to a more scientific and systematic approach, integrating advanced technologies such as AI, spectroscopy, and imaging techniques [3][36]. Group 1: Technological Advancements - Recent breakthroughs in fields like optical engineering, materials science, and AI have created favorable conditions for the application of scientific instruments in art authentication [2]. - The range of scientific instruments used in art authentication has expanded from simple magnifying glasses and microscopes to advanced spectral analysis devices and digital scanning systems [3]. Group 2: Methodologies in Art Authentication - The scientific principles and core logic behind using scientific instruments for verifying the authenticity of artworks are based on their physical and chemical properties, analyzed through three technical dimensions: microscopic observation, spectral imaging, and trace evidence [3]. - Various scientific instruments are employed to examine surface traces, material composition, and hidden features of artworks, providing objective evidence for authentication [18][36]. Group 3: Specific Instrument Applications - High-magnification stereo microscopes are used to observe microscopic details of artworks, helping to identify whether they are forgeries or aged pieces [6]. - Infrared imaging technology has recently uncovered over 40 characters in the "Zidan Ku Bo Shu" at the Hunan Provincial Museum, demonstrating the capability of modern instruments to reveal hidden information [5][27]. Group 4: Case Studies and Findings - Research conducted on five Song Dynasty silk paintings revealed that the quality and density of the silk used can indicate the authenticity and historical significance of the artworks [8][15]. - The use of scientific instruments has provided critical evidence in legal cases involving art fraud, such as identifying prints and forgeries through established national standards [9][36]. Group 5: Future Directions - The integration of various technological methods, such as Raman spectroscopy and infrared imaging, enhances the reliability of art authentication results, indicating a trend towards a more systematic and scientific approach in the field [46].