Core Insights - The article discusses the significance of sweetness as a universal sensory experience that stimulates appetite and evokes pleasure in humans and animals [2] - A recent study published in the journal Cell reveals the structure of the human sweetness receptor, which could lead to the development of healthier sweet products [3][10] Group 1: Sweetness Receptor Structure - The human sweetness receptor is composed of two proteins, TAS1R2 and TAS1R3, which form a heterodimer and belong to the Class C GPCR family [2] - The study successfully constructed a stable protein complex of the human sweetness receptor and utilized cryo-EM to analyze its high-resolution 3D structure when bound to artificial sweeteners like sucralose and aspartame [6][8] - The receptor exhibits asymmetry, with TAS1R3 in an open state and TAS1R2 in a closed state, indicating that only TAS1R2 binds to the ligand [6][8] Group 2: Functional Analysis - Mutagenesis studies on several amino acid sites in the binding pocket showed significant effects on receptor function, with varying impacts depending on the sweetener [7][8] - Different sweet molecules can activate the sweetness receptor through a common binding pocket, but their interaction mechanisms differ [7][8] Group 3: Implications for Healthier Products - The findings provide insights into how the human sweetness detection system works and open opportunities for designing new taste modulators based on receptor structure [10] - With the increasing sugar intake posing health risks, understanding the sweetness receptor may help in developing compounds that alter the perception of natural sugars, leading to healthier food and beverage options [10]