打破人类观测纪录的伽马射线暴 "天关"卫星捕获GRB 250702B事件艺术想象图。图据中国科学院国家天文台 超巨星自调控坍缩星模型示意图。图 据中国科学院高能物理所 伽马射线暴（GRB）是自宇宙大爆炸后，人类已知的宇宙中最剧烈的天体爆发现象。2025年7月2日， 一个持续超过29小时的伽马射线暴打破人类观测纪录，颠覆了人类对伽马射线暴的传统认知，引发全球 天文学家的深入探索和持续争论。 2026年2月9日，中国科学院国家天文台宣布，我国"天关"卫星在巡天观测中捕捉到一个异常明亮且急剧 变化的X射线源。科研团队提出一个突破性解释：这很可能是一个中等质量黑洞撕裂并吞噬一颗白矮星 的过程。近日，中国科学院高能物理研究所粒子天体物理全国重点实验室的研究团队在《天体物理杂志 快报》上发表的最新文章，为理解这一事件带来了另一个全新的视角。 破纪录的伽马射线暴 对这次超长伽马射线暴源，科学家们给出了不同的解释。 基于多波段数据，"天关"科学团队构建出一个物理自洽的图景：一个质量介于数百至数十万倍太阳质量 之间的中等质量黑洞，利用强大的潮汐力将一颗致密的白矮星撕碎并吞噬。 白矮星是类似太阳的恒星燃尽核燃料后留下的残骸，体积 ...

【瞧！我们的前沿科技】 "事件不在星系中心，排除超大质量黑洞；亮度极高且衰减极快，显示被撕碎的天体密度极高，而非普 通恒星。"国家天文台研究员金驰川解释说，"这强烈指向中等质量黑洞瓦解白矮星这一极端过程。" 白矮星是恒星演化末期的致密残骸，密度可达太阳百万倍。理论表明，质量介于数百至数万倍太阳质量 的中等质量黑洞，能够利用潮汐力撕碎如此致密的白矮星，并产生强烈喷流，与本次观测高度吻合。费 米卫星观测到的快速光变进一步将黑洞质量上限约束在约7.5万倍太阳质量以下，佐证了中等质量黑洞 的推断。 光明日报北京2月13日电（记者崔兴毅）一场刷新人类对宇宙极端物理过程认知的高能事件，被中国科 学卫星清晰捕获并成功解读。我国首颗空间X射线天文卫星"天关"（以下简称"天关"）在巡天中，发现 了一个前所未有的剧烈爆发源。这个被编号为EP250702a的事件，其亮度变化、辐射节奏与光谱特征均 与以往任何已知的爆发显著不同。 综合全球观测数据，中外科学家团队提出突破性论断：这极可能是人类首次观测到中等质量黑洞以强烈 喷流形式撕裂并吞噬一颗致密白矮星的完整过程。该研究成果近日作为封面文章发表在《科学通报》 上，标志着我国在时域天文 ...

Core Insights - The "Tian Guan" satellite may have captured a rare event of a medium-mass black hole tearing apart and consuming a white dwarf star, which, if confirmed, would be the first clear observation of such an extreme cosmic phenomenon, significantly enhancing the understanding of black hole activity and high-energy astrophysical mechanisms [1][3] Group 1 - The "Tian Guan" satellite's wide-field X-ray telescope, "Wan Xing Tong," discovered an exceptionally bright and rapidly changing X-ray source, designated EP250702a, on July 2, 2025, in the outskirts of a distant galaxy [1] - Observations indicated that X-ray radiation was present at the location approximately one day before a significant gamma-ray burst, suggesting that the physical engine of the explosion was activated much earlier than traditional gamma-ray bursts [1] - The characteristics of the event, including its high brightness and rapid evolution, could not be explained by common astrophysical explosion models, leading the scientific team to propose that a medium-mass black hole was involved in the disruption of a white dwarf star [1][3] Group 2 - The research team noted that the rapid decay and high brightness of the event imply that the consumed celestial body had a very high density, which aligns with the characteristics of a white dwarf star [3] - The estimated mass of the black hole involved is less than approximately 75,000 times that of the Sun, based on gamma-ray data from the Fermi satellite, and the event's location in the outskirts of the galaxy rules out the possibility of a supermassive black hole [3] - Only a medium-mass black hole would possess the capability to tear apart a dense body like a white dwarf, resulting in the observed brief, intense, and high-energy jets [3]

Core Viewpoint - The discovery of a rare millisecond pulsar by the FAST telescope has significant implications for the understanding of stellar evolution, dense star accretion physics, and gravitational wave sources from binary star mergers [1][3][4]. Group 1: Discovery and Characteristics - The research team led by researcher Han Jinlin from the National Astronomical Observatories of China discovered a millisecond pulsar with a rotation period of 10.55 milliseconds, orbiting a companion star every 3.6 hours [1][3]. - The companion star is estimated to have a mass at least equal to that of the Sun, but its compact orbit suggests it is not a typical star, but rather a stripped-down core of a star that has undergone common envelope evolution, likely a hot helium star [3][4]. Group 2: Implications for Astronomy - This unique binary system is extremely rare, with only a few dozen such systems estimated to exist among the hundreds of billions of stars in the Milky Way, making it a fleeting phenomenon in the universe [4]. - The findings are expected to enhance the understanding of stellar evolution processes, including how stars interact and exchange material, and the dynamics of neutron stars entering companion stars [4]. Group 3: FAST Telescope Capabilities - The FAST telescope, known as the "Chinese Sky Eye," has discovered over 1,000 pulsars since its operation began in 2020, serving as a crucial tool for deep space exploration [5]. - Its advanced design allows it to detect weak signals from billions of light-years away, contributing to significant astronomical discoveries, including the first complete recording of a gamma-ray burst's lifecycle [5].