撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 人工智能 （AI） 和 机器人 在向精准农业转型方面提供了巨大机遇，有助于提高农作物产量、降低成本并 促进可持续发展。然而，许多农作物的特性阻碍了基于人工智能的机器人技术的应用 。其中 一个瓶颈在于 花朵形态，其柱头凹陷，这妨碍了杂交育种过程的去雄和授粉。 2025 年 8 月 11 日，中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 许操 团队联合中国科学院自动化研究所的研究 人员 （ 谢跃 、 张廷浩 、 杨明浩 为论文共同第一作者 ） 在国际顶尖学术期刊 Cell 上发表了题为： Engineering crop flower morphology facilitates robotization of cross-pollination and speed breeding 的研究论文。 该研究将 生物技术 + 人工智能 （ BT + AI ） 深度融合，首次提出 作物-机器人协同设计 （Crop-robot co-design） 理念，通过基因编辑重新设计作物花型，快速精准创制"机器人友好"的结构型雄性不育系， 运用深度学习和人工智能成功研制 世界首台可自动巡航杂交授粉的智 ...

Core Insights - Chinese scientists have achieved a significant breakthrough in smart breeding technology by integrating biotechnology (BT) and artificial intelligence (AI), introducing the concept of crop-robot collaborative design and creating the world's first intelligent breeding robot named "GEAIR" [1][4]. Group 1: Research Achievements - The research led by the team from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has successfully developed a "robot-friendly" structural male sterility line through gene editing, which significantly reduces breeding costs, shortens breeding cycles, and improves breeding efficiency [1][4]. - The research has been recognized as an innovative breakthrough, showcasing the effective integration of BT and AI to solve major scientific and industrial challenges, with broad application prospects [3][4]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The team has created an "intelligent robot breeding factory" by integrating the intelligent breeding robot with new-generation breeding technologies, enabling rapid customization of superior varieties [4]. - The "GEAIR" robot system has been applied to soybean breeding, achieving the rapid creation of structural male sterility lines, which is expected to significantly enhance soybean hybrid breeding and yield in China [4]. Group 3: Future Developments - The research team is advancing the integration of BT and AI across the entire breeding-production-harvesting-tracing industry chain, working on the next version of the intelligent breeding robot "GEAIR 2.0" and planning to expand its application to various crops [4]. - The project marks a significant step in establishing a closed-loop technology system for intelligent robot breeding with independent intellectual property rights, indicating a major application prospect for AI-driven scientific research [4].