漫天粉尘不仅是天气现象，更可能是影响全球气候变化的"隐形推手"。中国科学院青藏高原研究所 联合英国、瑞典科研团队开展的最新研究揭示，粉尘在调节全球碳循环和气候变化中扮演着关键角色， 粉尘携带的营养元素远距离输送至海洋后，进而影响全球碳循环与气候变化。相关研究成果11月11日在 线发表于《自然综述：地球与环境》。 文章第一和共同通讯作者、中国科学院青藏高原研究所新生代环境团队研究员昝金波介绍，这一过 程对海洋浮游植物产生关键的"施肥效应"，不仅有效提升海洋初级生产力，还通过强化"生物泵"效能， 将大量二氧化碳从大气转移并封存于深海。 研究还发现，不同来源的粉尘"施肥"效果差异显著。亚洲冰川源区粉尘因富含活性铁和磷，对北太 平洋的肥效远高于高度风化的北非粉尘。中更新世以来，随着青藏高原冰川侵蚀加剧，输入北太平洋的 亚洲粉尘营养通量增加了一至两个数量级，引发该海域浮游植物群落结构和生产力的显著变化。 该研究首次系统揭示了粉尘"来源-演化-生物效应"的完整链条，指出未来研究应聚焦全球主要粉尘 源区营养成分分析，建立粉尘输入与海洋碳汇的定量关联，并将这些认识嵌入地球系统模型，以提升对 全球气候变化的预测能力。 专家表示 ...

Core Insights - An international research team led by researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has conducted a comprehensive review of the impact of dust on global carbon cycles and climate, revealing the evolution of dust flux, mineral composition, and key nutrient elements in major dust source regions [1][3] - The study highlights the critical role of dust cycles in global biogeochemical cycles and climate change, and identifies future research directions in this field [1][3] Summary by Categories Dust Flux and Composition - Over 4 billion tons of dust are released from land globally each year, primarily from arid and semi-arid regions, carrying essential nutrients like iron and phosphorus to the oceans [3] - The research emphasizes the need for a systematic understanding of the complete chain from dust sources to evolution and biological effects, which is currently a bottleneck in accurately assessing dust's climate effects [3] Impact on Marine Ecosystems - Dust plays a key role in enhancing marine primary productivity through a "fertilization effect," which helps sequester significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the deep sea [3] - The study indicates that global warming may reduce glacier-derived dust, potentially weakening its fertilization effect on ocean productivity [3] Future Research Directions - Future research should focus on three core areas: 1. Integrating modern observations, algal cultivation experiments, and multi-indicator paleoclimate reconstructions to quantify nutrient components and their bioavailability from major dust source regions [3] 2. Establishing quantitative links between dust input and ocean carbon sinks in key areas like the North Pacific using geochemical indicators [3] 3. Developing regional parameterization schemes that incorporate dust composition and biological feedback processes into Earth system models to enhance simulations and predictions of the "dust-carbon cycle-climate feedback mechanisms" [3]

漫天粉尘不仅是天气现象，更可能是影响全球气候变化的"隐形推手"。中国科学院青藏高原研究所联合 英国、瑞典科研团队开展的最新研究揭示，粉尘在调节全球碳循环和气候变化中扮演着关键角色，粉尘 携带的营养元素远距离输送至海洋后，进而影响全球碳循环与气候变化。相关研究成果11月11日在线发 表于《自然综述：地球与环境》。 专家表示，这项研究不仅深化了对地球生态系统运作机制的理解，也为预测全球变暖背景下碳循环变化 提供了新视角。（记者胡喆） 研究团队通过集成分析全球22条海洋岩芯粉尘记录，发现新生代以来，全球主要海盆粉尘沉积通量呈阶 梯式增长，其显著跃增期与北半球冰盖扩张及亚洲、北美、非洲等源区的干旱化进程同步。 研究还发现，不同来源的粉尘"施肥"效果差异显著。亚洲冰川源区粉尘因富含活性铁和磷，对北太平洋 的肥效远高于高度风化的北非粉尘。中更新世以来，随着青藏高原冰川侵蚀加剧，输入北太平洋的亚洲 粉尘营养通量增加了一至两个数量级，引发该海域浮游植物群落结构和生产力的显著变化。 该研究首次系统揭示了粉尘"来源-演化-生物效应"的完整链条，指出未来研究应聚焦全球主要粉尘源区 营养成分分析，建立粉尘输入与海洋碳汇的定量关联，并 ...

Core Insights - The latest research published in the journal "Nature Communications" indicates that climate warming may accelerate soil respiration rates in tropical forests, leading to increased carbon loss from soil, which could impact global climate predictions [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - A field experiment showed that soil respiration rates in warmed plots were found to be 42%-204% higher than in control plots, reaching some of the highest soil respiration rates reported in terrestrial ecosystems [2] - The additional carbon released from warmed plots was estimated to be between 6.5 to 81.7 tons per hectare annually, depending on the slope position, with the highest carbon release occurring in upper slope areas [2] - The authors suggest that these increases may be due to changes in the microbial community functions in warmed soils, affecting their ability to metabolize carbon or altering the composition of microbial communities [2] Group 2: Implications - The study's findings indicate that in a warmer world, tropical forest ecosystems may experience significant carbon loss, highlighting the importance of further research to understand the underlying mechanisms of these processes for assessing the long-term impacts of climate change [2]

Core Insights - The study published in the latest issue of "Science" highlights the critical role of the "global overturning circulation" in shaping the diversity and functionality of microbial communities in the South Pacific [1][2] - The research provides a new perspective on understanding the organizational patterns of marine ecosystems [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The research team collected over 300 full-depth water samples from the South Pacific, revealing the existence of a "prokaryotic phylogenetic leap layer" at approximately 300 meters below the surface, where microbial diversity sharply increases [1] - The study identified over 300 microbial genomes and tens of thousands of species, establishing a baseline for current marine microbial ecosystems [2] - Six microbial community groups and ten functional zones were formed, with three groups related to water depth and three corresponding to major water masses such as Antarctic bottom water and ancient Pacific deep water [1] Group 2: Implications - Microbial communities are central to the oceanic carbon cycle, influencing carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, and solid carbon processes [2] - Changes in global overturning circulation due to climate change may alter microbial community distribution and functionality, potentially impacting the global carbon cycle in unknown ways [2]

Core Insights - The research team led by researcher Chen Jitao from the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology has discovered that global warming, under current icehouse climate and high oxygen conditions, may lead to widespread ocean deoxygenation, similar to the Late Paleozoic Ice Age [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - The Late Paleozoic Ice Age is noted as the longest icehouse climate period since the establishment of terrestrial higher plants and ecosystems, with atmospheric CO2 levels spanning from pre-industrial levels to future high carbon emission scenarios [2] - The exceptionally high oxygen environment during this period may be linked to the gigantism of marine and terrestrial animals and could have triggered the major marine biological radiation event from the mid-Carboniferous to the early Permian [2] - The research team studied carbonate rock sediment sequences from 310 to 290 million years ago in the Guizhou Luodian Basin, integrating carbon isotope data, atmospheric CO2 concentration, volcanic activity, and vegetation evolution to analyze global carbon cycling and ocean redox states [2] Group 2: Implications of Findings - The study found that increased organic carbon burial in the ocean during the research period likely led to a decrease in atmospheric CO2 concentration and an increase in oxygen concentration [2] - Intermittent massive carbon emissions could trigger repeated climate warming and seabed deoxygenation, potentially expanding the area of ocean deoxygenation to 4%-12%, which may lead to stagnation or decline in marine biodiversity [2]