Core Viewpoint - The recent study from Northwest A&F University highlights that long-term climate warming significantly reduces global soil microbial richness, emphasizing the urgent need for strategies to protect soil microbial communities to mitigate climate change risks [4][8]. Summary by Sections Research Findings - The study analyzed 2,786 observational data points globally, revealing that soil microbial diversity and abundance consistently decline with increasing climate warming and average annual temperature [7]. - Under the SSP1-2.6 scenario, long-term warming (≥5 years) is expected to reduce global soil microbial abundance by 7%-9%, indicating that even moderate long-term warming can adversely affect soil microbial diversity and functionality [7][12]. Importance of Healthy Soil - Healthy soil is crucial for food production and climate stability, with soil microbes driving key processes such as nutrient cycling and carbon storage [5][6]. - The research underscores that understanding and protecting soil microbes is vital not only for scientific inquiry but also for food security, sustainable land use, and overall planetary health [6][8]. Implications of Climate Change - The findings suggest that climate change may erode the biological foundation of soil, threatening essential ecosystem services that humanity relies on [8]. - The negative impact of climate warming on soil microbial abundance is more pronounced in warmer regions, with specific changes in microbial community composition, such as a reduction in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and an increase in nitrite-reducing bacteria [12].

研究通过对实验数据的深度分析，取得核心科技发现：生态系统对干旱存在"适应—崩溃"的临界转换特 征。在常规干旱条件下，草原和灌丛生态系统表现出一定适应能力，但当干旱达到百年一遇及以上极端 程度时，适应性完全丧失；连续四年的极端干旱造成的生产力损失较第一年激增约2.5倍。 这一发现从科技层面突破了长期以来干旱生态学将强度与持续时间独立考量的局限，首次系统揭示二者 交互作用机制，成功解决"极端干旱如何驱动生态系统功能变化"的核心科学难题。 10月17日，记者从北京林业大学获悉，该校庾强教授团队联合全球28个国家126家单位的177位科研人 员，在最新一期的国际顶级期刊《科学》发表题为"干旱强度和持续时间互作加剧初级生产力的损失"的 研究论文，以突破性科研发现，首次系统揭秘极端干旱生态影响机制，为全球干旱生态研究提供关键科 技支撑。这是该校建校73年来首篇《科学》正刊论文。 该研究依托国际干旱联网实验这一全球尺度科研平台，在覆盖6大洲的74个草原和灌丛生态系统中，采 用统一的干旱处理实验技术，精准模拟了连续3至4年的干旱过程。这种标准化、大尺度的实验设计，突 破了传统干旱研究的地域局限，为揭示普适性规律奠定了方法学基 ...

Core Insights - The latest research published in the journal "Nature Communications" indicates that climate warming may accelerate soil respiration rates in tropical forests, leading to increased carbon loss from soil, which could impact global climate predictions [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - A field experiment showed that soil respiration rates in warmed plots were found to be 42%-204% higher than in control plots, reaching some of the highest soil respiration rates reported in terrestrial ecosystems [2] - The additional carbon released from warmed plots was estimated to be between 6.5 to 81.7 tons per hectare annually, depending on the slope position, with the highest carbon release occurring in upper slope areas [2] - The authors suggest that these increases may be due to changes in the microbial community functions in warmed soils, affecting their ability to metabolize carbon or altering the composition of microbial communities [2] Group 2: Implications - The study's findings indicate that in a warmer world, tropical forest ecosystems may experience significant carbon loss, highlighting the importance of further research to understand the underlying mechanisms of these processes for assessing the long-term impacts of climate change [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant contributions of Professor La Qiong in the field of biodiversity conservation and plant adaptation research in extreme environments, particularly in the Tibetan Plateau, emphasizing the importance of local talent cultivation and scientific research in ecological protection efforts [2][11]. Group 1: Personal Background and Academic Journey - La Qiong, born in October 1969 in Tibet, has dedicated over 30 years to ecological research and education, focusing on high-altitude plant diversity [2]. - His early experiences in the Tibetan wilderness inspired his passion for studying high-altitude plants, leading him to pursue a career in biology after graduating from Southwest University [3][4]. Group 2: Influence of Mentorship - La Qiong credits his mentor, Professor Zhong Yang, with instilling a "seed spirit" that shaped his academic philosophy and commitment to research in the Tibetan Plateau [5]. - Zhong Yang's dedication to high-altitude plant research and his perseverance in the face of health challenges serve as a profound inspiration for La Qiong [6]. Group 3: Research Focus and Methodology - La Qiong's current research centers on the adaptive mechanisms of Tibetan Plateau plants, utilizing genetic studies to uncover their evolutionary traits [8]. - This research approach allows for a deeper understanding of plant characteristics at the molecular level, enhancing knowledge of their adaptations to extreme environments [8]. Group 4: Ecological Protection and Local Talent Development - The article discusses the limitations of traditional conservation methods and advocates for a more precise understanding of species development patterns through molecular research, which can lead to targeted conservation efforts [10]. - La Qiong emphasizes the importance of nurturing local talent in ecological research, as they possess advantages in conducting fieldwork in the challenging conditions of Tibet [11]. Group 5: Data Collection and Monitoring Initiatives - The establishment of the Yani Wetland Ecosystem National Observation Research Station marks a significant step in ecological monitoring and data collection in the Tibetan Plateau [13]. - La Qiong and his team are working on building a comprehensive ecological monitoring system to gather more systematic data, which is crucial for understanding the entire ecosystem [13].

Core Insights - The total ecological product value (GEP) of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park for 2023 reached 208.75 billion yuan, with a per unit area GEP of 0.49 million yuan per square kilometer, highlighting the park's ecological value and its critical role in ecological civilization construction [1][2] Group 1 - The GEP accounting has been conducted annually from 2019 to 2023, providing insights into the ecological product values and helping to identify potential risks within the ecosystem [1] - The continuous monitoring of GEP serves as a tool to detect ecosystem issues and supports the transition of ecological products from "priceless" to "valuable" [1] - The park aims to enhance the application of GEP accounting results and explore mechanisms for realizing ecological product values through ongoing research and technological advancements [2] Group 2 - The park addresses the challenges of measuring, trading, realizing, and mortgaging ecological product values, with a focus on overcoming the measurement difficulties [2] - Future efforts will include improving ecological environment monitoring systems using modern technology to enhance data accuracy and timeliness [2] - The goal is to effectively realize the ecological product values of the national park through expanded data acquisition channels [2]