人生有无数的时刻，但总有特殊的时刻。 对温旭而言， 2017 年的 5 月，他经历了自己的"特殊时刻"。 这是一次冰川科考。对于冰川，温旭并不陌生甚至很熟悉， 他 深知 冰川有什么危险，如何避免裂缝，哪怕雪崩也能想办法。 但这次一次他失算了：在接近 冰川 顶部钻取冰芯的 时候 ，他掉到了一个因为冰川融水形成的冰湖里。 当时的他，背着 20 公斤的科研仪器，穿着厚重的御寒衣物。这在平常没觉得不好，但在冰湖里，这些负重会把人往下坠。 情况非常危急，幸好去北极练过落水自救的经验发挥了效果。他在片刻地震惊后迅速采取行动自救，先抓着冰镐去敲击周围的冰面，找到 支点之后借助它，翻身上来。整个过程完全依靠自己的力量。 "我在任何情况下从来没想过在冰川的表面居然掉到冰湖里。"温旭回到大本营开始后怕了。曾以为熟悉冰川的每一道纹理，却在 认为 最不 可能的地方坠入死亡陷阱。这一下子让他觉得冰川变得陌生了。 作为科研人员的他很快意识到，冰湖是因为气候变化， 温度升高， 冰川融水才形成的。 "那一刻我就觉得气候变化真的在影响和改变着我 们的未来和我们的生活。" 寒夜营地中，劫后余生的战栗化作彻骨醒悟 ——冰湖是气候变暖的伤疤，而伤疤 ...

新华社布鲁塞尔11月7日电（记者丁英华 张兆卿）欧盟气候监测机构哥白尼气候变化服务局7日发 布报告说，全球刚刚经历了该机构自1940年有记录以来第三热的10月，2025年或成为有记录以来气温最 高的年份之一。 报告说，今年10月，全球南北纬60度之间的海洋表面平均温度为20.54摄氏度，为有记录以来同月 的第三高；北太平洋大部分海域的表面温度持续高于同期平均水平，西部海域创下历史新高；北极海冰 范围较同期平均水平低12%，南极地区海冰范围较同期平均水平低6%。 欧洲中期天气预报中心气候战略负责人萨曼莎·伯吉斯说，"我们正处于一个极有可能突破升温1.5摄 氏度限度的十年"，这凸显了气候变暖加速的趋势以及采取紧急行动的迫切性。 报告指出，2025年几乎可以确定将成为有记录以来气温第二或第三高的年份，目前最暖的是2023 年，排在第二的是2024年。2023年至2025年三年间的全球平均气温预计比工业化前升高1.5摄氏度，将 成为有观测记录以来首个升温突破1.5摄氏度的三年。 报告显示，今年10月全球平均地表气温为15.14摄氏度，较工业化前（1850年至1900年）的平均水 平高出1.55摄氏度，比有记录以来最热 ...

新华社赫尔辛基10月22日电雷克雅未克消息：冰岛寒冷严酷的冬季使当地人长期以来免受蚊子侵扰。然 而，该国研究人员近日首次确认在野外发现了蚊子，气候变暖或是原因之一。 据"冰岛观察"网站等当地媒体日前报道，该国一名昆虫爱好者16日在首都雷克雅未克以北约32公里的山 区发现了两雌一雄共三只蚊子。随后他将蚊子标本送至冰岛自然科学研究所昆虫学家马西亚斯·阿尔弗 雷德松处进行鉴定，最终确认其为环跗脉毛蚊。 阿尔弗雷德松说，多年前曾在冰岛凯夫拉维克机场的飞机上发现过一只不同品种的蚊子，但此次是在冰 岛自然环境中首次记录到蚊类踪迹。 不过，关于这些蚊子如何抵达冰岛尚不明确，有推测认为它们可能是通过船舶或集装箱传入。阿尔弗雷 德松表示，来年春季需开展进一步监测，以确认该物种能否度过寒冬，真正在冰岛扎根。 美国非营利性统计组织"世界人口评论"的调查显示，冰岛曾是全球仅有的两个因气候严寒而无法孕育蚊 群的地区之一。不过，冰岛确实拥有能维持昆虫生命的植被与季节性气温，气候变暖可能为蚊群向该地 迁徙创造了条件。因此，目前南极洲成为了唯一仅存的没有蚊子的地区。 （文章来源：新华网） 环跗脉毛蚊原生于东半球，分布于从北非至西伯利亚北部的 ...

今天（10月22日），冷空气影响进入尾声，南北方气温都将逐渐回升。但升温幅度较小，大部地区气温维持常年同期正常水平或偏低状态，25日又将有冷空 气影响北方。 10月22日，今早6时，杭州的气温只有13.7℃。记者了解到，本轮冷空气带来的大风天气持续时间长，降温效果较为持久。浙江省气候中心高级工程师毛燕 军表示，浙江省大部分地区降温将持续到28日左右。 由于中东部被干冷空气控制，今天（10月22日）大部地区降水稀少，仅海南、台湾等地受台风"风神"和冷空气影响仍有明显风雨。明后天，青藏高原等地将 有降雪，四川盆地、陕西等地雨水也将增多。 25日至26日，北方大部地区气温将下降4-6℃，局地降幅可达8℃；28日至29日，一股较强冷空气将影响新疆北部、甘肃西部、内蒙古西部等地，30日起，这 股冷空气将影响中东部大部地区。 由于今年10月下旬全国气候突变，网友创作的幽默热梗"改名叫夏冬春吧，剪秋也行"登上热搜第一。不少人感觉秋天越来越短了，这不是错觉！中国天气网 通过盘点气象大数据发现，1991年至今，我国多地的秋季都在推迟，总体来说东部地区比西部地区明显。 在深圳，气象学中，入秋标准是：连续五天滑动平均气温≤22℃即 ...

美国北卡罗来纳大学研究人员在美国科罗拉多州一处亚高山草甸上开展了为期约20年的飞行昆虫监 测，时间跨度为2004至2024年。该草甸海拔约3000米，有着38年的气象观测记录，且几乎不受人类活动 直接干扰，是典型的相对"原始"的山地生态系统。 研究人员呼吁加强对包括原始、半自然和人类改造区在内的不同地区的昆虫长期监测，以便更准确 评估气候变暖对昆虫群落的影响，并为制定有效的保护政策提供依据。 发表在美国生态学会期刊《生态学》上的一项新研究表明，即使在相对不受人类干扰的"原始"山 地，受夏季气温逐年升高的影响，昆虫数量也在迅速下降。这表明气候变暖可能成为全球昆虫危机的主 要驱动因素之一。 研究人员指出，山地聚集了大量当地特有且适应性强的昆虫群落，因而具有极高的生物多样性价 值。如果在更广阔的山地区域普遍出现昆虫数量的快速下降，所有依赖昆虫提供食物、授粉、防治害虫 和养分循环的生态系统前景将十分堪忧。 研究人员发现，这里的昆虫数量平均每年下降6.6%，20年间累计下降了72.4%。研究还发现，昆虫 数量的急剧下降与这一地区夏季气温逐年升高直接相关。 研究人员表示，此前多数关于昆虫减少的报告集中在受人类活动影响的生 ...

Core Insights - Mercury is a globally toxic pollutant that poses significant health risks to humans through the food chain, with marine sediments previously considered a permanent storage solution now facing unprecedented release challenges [1][2] - An international research team led by researchers from Peking University has revealed that bottom trawling and climate change are accelerating the release of mercury from marine sediments [1][2] Group 1: Mercury Release Dynamics - The global continental shelf buries nearly 1,300 tons of mercury annually, which is 2 to 7 times the annual burial rate of deep-sea sediments, accounting for about 80% of the total mercury storage in the oceans [1] - Since the Industrial Revolution, the concentration of mercury in surface sediments on the continental shelf has increased threefold, indicating significant storage of anthropogenic mercury emissions [1] - Bottom trawling and dredging activities disturb over 5,000 tons of mercury from sediments each year, which is more than four times the annual burial amount [1] Group 2: Impact of Climate Change - Climate change exacerbates the dissolution and release of mercury from sediments, with model simulations indicating that a global temperature rise of 1.5 to 5°C could increase natural mercury release into water bodies by 6% to 21% by the end of the century [2] - Warmer ocean temperatures are expected to enhance the degradation of organic matter in sediments, further promoting mercury dissolution and release [2] Group 3: Human Health and Environmental Implications - The disturbance of sediments by trawling may reactivate historically buried mercury, potentially reintroducing it into the human food chain [2] - The research emphasizes the need for human intervention to address marine mercury emissions, including the implementation of the Minamata Convention, reducing mercury emissions from coal burning and mining, and limiting trawling activities [2][3] Group 4: Sustainable Development Goals - Protecting continental shelf mercury sinks is crucial for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), serving as a shield for human health and a guardian of marine ecosystems [3] - Integrating mercury management, fishery policies, and carbon neutrality goals is essential to safeguard this critical environmental defense [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the unexpected increase in greenery in Lanzhou, which has led to a rise in pollen allergies due to the proliferation of mugwort, a common allergenic plant [1][4][5]. Group 1: Environmental Changes - In early August, social media users noted a surprising transformation of the landscape around Lanzhou, with previously barren hills now covered in green [1][3]. - The increase in rainfall this summer, with August recording 156.3 mm, 1.4 times the average, has contributed to the rapid growth of mugwort [11][35]. - The mugwort plants, which are known for their high pollen production, have thrived in the newly green environment, leading to significant allergy issues for residents [6][11][12]. Group 2: Allergy Impact - The pollen from mugwort can cause severe allergic reactions, with reports of increased symptoms among residents, including sneezing and nasal congestion [10][12][17]. - A specific report indicated that on August 31, the pollen concentration reached 1508 grains per 1000 mm of air, primarily from mugwort [12][18]. - The allergy season has been prolonged this year, with residents expressing concerns about the ongoing high pollen levels into September [15][16]. Group 3: Public Health Response - In response to the allergy crisis, local health authorities in Lanzhou have initiated mugwort removal activities, clearing over 20,000 square meters by September 11 [21][22]. - Other northern cities have implemented similar measures to combat pollen allergies, highlighting a growing public health concern [19][20]. - The article emphasizes the need for ongoing efforts in both removing allergenic plants and planting more trees to restore ecological balance [30][31][37].

Core Insights - Global warming is influencing dietary habits, leading to increased sugar consumption as temperatures rise [1][2] - A study indicates that for every 1°C increase in temperature, daily added sugar intake rises by 0.70 grams per person [1] - By 2095, if global temperatures rise by approximately 5°C, Americans may consume an additional 3 grams of added sugar daily, equivalent to the sugar in half a can of soda [2] Group 1: Impact of Temperature on Sugar Consumption - Higher temperatures correlate with increased purchases of sugary beverages and frozen desserts, as they serve as affordable and accessible options for cooling down [1] - The study analyzed food purchasing records from 2004 to 2019 alongside weather data, revealing a clear pattern of rising sugar intake with increasing heat [1] Group 2: Health Implications and Recommendations - Excessive intake of added sugars is linked to chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, exacerbated by climate change [2] - The combination of high temperatures and high-sugar diets is intensifying nutritional inequality, necessitating a broader view of climate change impacts beyond environmental factors [2] - Future climate adaptation strategies should include healthier food policies, such as subsidies for healthy beverages during hot seasons and promoting low-sugar dietary options in communities [2]

Core Insights - The latest research published in the journal "Nature Communications" indicates that climate warming may accelerate soil respiration rates in tropical forests, leading to increased carbon loss from soil, which could impact global climate predictions [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - A field experiment showed that soil respiration rates in warmed plots were found to be 42%-204% higher than in control plots, reaching some of the highest soil respiration rates reported in terrestrial ecosystems [2] - The additional carbon released from warmed plots was estimated to be between 6.5 to 81.7 tons per hectare annually, depending on the slope position, with the highest carbon release occurring in upper slope areas [2] - The authors suggest that these increases may be due to changes in the microbial community functions in warmed soils, affecting their ability to metabolize carbon or altering the composition of microbial communities [2] Group 2: Implications - The study's findings indicate that in a warmer world, tropical forest ecosystems may experience significant carbon loss, highlighting the importance of further research to understand the underlying mechanisms of these processes for assessing the long-term impacts of climate change [2]

Core Insights - An international team has reported evidence of barnacle invasion in the Arctic waters of Canada, indicating that climate change is allowing foreign species to invade previously cold regions [1] Group 1: Research Findings - Researchers from the British Antarctic Survey and Canadian counterparts published a paper in the journal "Global Change Biology," utilizing environmental DNA barcoding technology to identify genetic material from species in water samples collected from the Arctic [1] - The genetic material of the barnacle species, Amphibalanus improvisus, was found in the samples, which is commonly found in European and Pacific waters and can cause biofouling in ships, pipelines, and other infrastructure [1] Group 2: Climate Change Impact - Historically, the cold waters of the Canadian Arctic prevented the migration and establishment of invasive species [1] - Climate change is rapidly warming the Arctic waters, reducing sea ice, and facilitating new shipping routes, which increases the likelihood of species invasion from other marine areas [1] - The rising water temperatures enhance the survival and establishment potential of invasive species compared to the past [1]