Core Viewpoint - Heavy-duty trucks are significant contributors to carbon emissions in the transportation sector, with a need for low-carbon transformation in line with national carbon neutrality goals [1] Group 1: Hybrid Technology - Hybrid technology is seen as an effective solution for energy saving and efficiency improvement in heavy-duty trucks, combining diesel and electric power [2][3] - The total cost of ownership (TCO) for hybrid trucks is lower than that of traditional diesel trucks, with savings of 270,000 yuan over a million kilometers [3] - Different hybrid configurations (series, parallel, and series-parallel) have distinct advantages and disadvantages in terms of efficiency and complexity [3][4] Group 2: Fuel Choices - LNG and methanol trucks have lower TCO compared to diesel and pure electric trucks, with LNG sales increasing significantly due to its economic benefits [6] - The energy consumption of LNG and methanol trucks is approximately 15% higher than that of diesel trucks, while pure electric trucks have the highest efficiency [5][6] - The TCO of hydrogen trucks is currently the highest, and their economic viability depends on the price of hydrogen [6] Group 3: Carbon Emissions - The carbon emissions from the entire energy cycle, including production and transportation, are crucial for evaluating the environmental impact of different fuel types [7][8] - Hybrid technology can reduce carbon emissions during operation by 14%-19%, but the overall emissions depend on the fuel production methods [8][9] - The use of green hydrogen and methanol can significantly reduce carbon emissions, achieving carbon neutrality if produced sustainably [8][9] Group 4: Policy Support - Government policies, such as carbon trading mechanisms, can incentivize the adoption of low-carbon technologies in the trucking industry [10] - Subsidies and cost reductions for hydrogen trucks can enhance their competitiveness, encouraging more companies to adopt this technology [11] - The transition to low-carbon fuels and technologies requires a comprehensive approach involving infrastructure development and policy support [12] Group 5: Conclusion - The transition of heavy-duty trucks towards greener technologies is a complex interplay of technical, economic, and environmental factors [12] - Hybrid technology is positioned as a key solution for energy efficiency and carbon reduction, while the industry must also focus on improving the efficiency of LNG and methanol engines [12] - A multi-faceted approach involving various fuel types and technologies will be essential for achieving carbon neutrality in the heavy-duty truck sector [12]