Core Insights - The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 led to Ukraine inheriting a significant military-industrial legacy, including over 3,000 military enterprises and advanced weaponry, which became a burden due to economic collapse [1] - In contrast, China was at a critical juncture for military modernization in the 1990s, seeking external technology and expertise, leading to a 20-year collaboration with Ukraine [3] - The most notable outcome of this collaboration was the development of China's first aircraft carrier, the "Liaoning," which was originally a partially completed Soviet vessel [4] - Ukraine provided essential support in various military domains, including aircraft carrier technology, naval aviation, and engine systems, significantly enhancing China's military capabilities [4] - However, attempts to acquire advanced technologies like the Tu-160 strategic bomber were thwarted by international pressures, highlighting the challenges of technology transfer in a geopolitical context [6][7] - The collaboration ultimately underscored the importance of self-reliance in core technologies for national security, as China has since developed its own advanced military assets [7]