新华社北京/"雪龙"号1月28日电 题：探秘南极冰间湖！为地球气候档案添新知 新华社记者顾天成、刘祯 南极大陆边缘常年被大面积海冰环绕。在这片白色世界中，会周期性存在一些无冰的开阔水域，这些冰 间湖是当前极地海洋科学研究的前沿热点。 在位于西南极的阿蒙森海冰间湖，中国第42次南极考察队"雪龙"号大洋队在波涛、浮冰与迷雾中，开展 海洋化学、海洋生物等多学科研究。 捕捉对流信号：观测冰间湖底层水的生成过程 "海洋微藻爆发性生长，给南极磷虾提供了丰富食物，并吸引大量鱼类、企鹅和鲸类前来觅食，形成南 极独特而丰富的生态系统。"中国极地研究中心（中国极地研究所）副总工程师何剑锋说。 打捞潜标：记录冰海深处的生态故事 船时25日4时许。"抓住了！"随着一声惊呼，无人机抛下的锚钩成功捕获"锚碇式潜标观测系统"（俗称 潜标）缆绳。"雪龙"号上的考察队员们应声齐聚船尾，像拔河一样将沉重的浮球组拉上甲板。 潜标是一串用特制缆绳连接的仪器链，在海中时呈竖直状悬浮，底端有重块像锚一样将其固定在海底， 上面搭载各类传感器，顶端是提供浮力的浮球。 潜标布放后能在预定位置进行长达一整年的连续观测，记录不同水层的温度、盐度、流速等数据，采集 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the achievements of China's 41st Antarctic expedition aboard the "Xuelong 2" ship, emphasizing the significance of polar marine research and the advancements in clean energy systems at the newly established Qinling Station [1][4][10]. Group 1: Antarctic Expedition Achievements - The "Xuelong 2" ship completed a record-long journey of over 80,000 nautical miles, marking the longest expedition in China's polar exploration history [1]. - The expedition successfully established the Qinling Station, which features a new energy system that can achieve over 60% clean energy usage, saving over 100 tons of fossil fuel annually [4][5]. - The team conducted the first autumn scientific survey in the Southern Ocean, completing 24 comprehensive marine investigation stations and collecting over 5,000 samples [5][7]. Group 2: Environmental and Biological Discoveries - The expedition discovered significant biological activity in the "ice-interstitial lakes," which are crucial for the survival of plankton during winter [7]. - New microbial species were identified, including six new genera and seven new species of Antarctic bacteria, indicating potential for future medical and cosmetic applications [8]. - The expedition retrieved sediment cores from the Amundsen Sea, preserving geological history that could inform about Earth's climate evolution over thousands to millions of years [10]. Group 3: Broader Implications - The findings underscore the interconnectedness of human life and polar ecosystems, highlighting the importance of understanding and protecting polar regions in the context of global climate change [10][11].