新华社北京12月19日电 《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》提 出："加快构建同高质量发展相适应的政府债务管理长效机制。"这对进一步做好政府债务管理和风险防 范化解工作提出了明确要求。 第二，健全防范化解隐性债务风险长效机制。完善全口径地方债务监测监管体系，加强部门协同和数据 信息共享，多措并举化解存量隐性债务，坚决遏制新增隐性债务，防止前清后欠。将不新增隐性债务作 为"铁的纪律"，加强政府支出事项和政府投资项目预算管理，未纳入预算安排的政府支出事项和投资项 目一律不得实施。强化风险监测预警，从事后"救火补漏"扩展到事前"防患于未然"。严格落实地方政府 举债终身问责制和债务问题倒查机制，加强对违规违法举债问题的监督问责，加大问责结果公开力度， 发挥典型案例警示作用。 第三，加强地方政府专项债券管理。完善债务限额分配机制，优化项目申报审批流程，加强项目实施和 资金使用监管，强化地方政府专项债券"借用管还"全流程管理，提高资金使用效益。改进完善地方政府 专项债券偿还机制，强化对专项债券对应项目所形成资产的监管，健全专项债券偿债备付金管理机制， 加强专项债券项目收入缴库管理和偿债资金筹集， ...

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Finance emphasizes the implementation of a more proactive fiscal policy to stimulate domestic demand, enhance consumption, and support key industries, while ensuring effective budget execution and financial safety [1][3]. Group 1: Fiscal Policy Implementation - The Ministry of Finance plans to utilize a more proactive fiscal policy, focusing on improving the efficiency of fund usage and ensuring financial security [1][3]. - A special bond of 300 billion yuan will be issued to support the replacement of consumer goods, which is expected to boost sales by 1.6 trillion yuan in the first half of the year [4][10]. - The government aims to enhance local government special bonds and long-term special treasury bonds to encourage private investment and expand public services [1][4]. Group 2: Economic Recovery and Growth - The fiscal policy aims to stabilize employment, businesses, and market expectations, contributing to a sustained economic recovery [3][4]. - In the first half of 2025, the general public budget revenue was 11.56 trillion yuan, with tax revenue showing signs of recovery, particularly in key sectors like manufacturing and modern services [7][8]. - The total public budget expenditure reached 14.13 trillion yuan, marking a 3.4% increase, with significant allocations for social security, education, and healthcare [9][10]. Group 3: Consumer Demand and Investment - The government is implementing measures to boost consumer demand, including expanding the scope of subsidies for consumer goods and enhancing social security to increase consumption capacity [10][11]. - The issuance of special bonds and government investments in infrastructure and key industries is expected to drive effective investment and stimulate economic activity [11][12]. - The central government has allocated 295.5 billion yuan for transportation infrastructure projects, aiming to improve logistics efficiency [12][13]. Group 4: Technological and Industrial Innovation - The central government plans to increase funding for scientific research and technological innovation, with a budget of 398.12 billion yuan for 2025, reflecting a 10% increase from the previous year [5][15]. - Support for key manufacturing industries and technological upgrades is prioritized to enhance industrial transformation and upgrade production capabilities [13][15]. - The government is also focusing on fostering innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises through various financial incentives and support programs [16][17]. Group 5: Social Welfare and Employment - The government is committed to improving social welfare, with a focus on employment support, education funding, and healthcare services, ensuring that basic needs are met [18][19]. - In the first half of 2025, 667.4 billion yuan was allocated for employment support, contributing to the creation of 6.95 million new jobs [19][20]. - Education funding increased by 5.9% to 2.15 trillion yuan, with specific initiatives aimed at enhancing early childhood and vocational education [20][21]. Group 6: Environmental Protection and Sustainability - The government is actively promoting ecological civilization and environmental protection, with significant funding allocated for pollution control and ecosystem restoration [27][28]. - A total of 340 billion yuan has been designated for air pollution prevention, while 267 billion yuan is allocated for water pollution control [27][28]. - The implementation of carbon neutrality goals is supported through various initiatives, including the promotion of clean energy and sustainable practices [29][30].