Core Insights - Strong foreign direct investment is expected to enhance liquidity in the foreign exchange market and address the foreign exchange restrictions that have plagued Papua New Guinea (PNG) for over a decade [1] Economic Growth and Projections - PNG's economy has grown from 62 billion kina a decade ago to 138 billion kina today, marking a 126% increase, with 66% of this growth occurring in the past five years [1] - The possibility of achieving a 200 billion kina economy by 2030 is considered very high [1] Government Policy and Budget Forecasts - The next decade will test PNG's ability to convert resource wealth into economic growth [1] - The 2026 budget indicators include: - The last year of budget deficit is projected to be 2026 - Nominal GDP is expected to grow by 9.2%, reaching 148.4 billion kina - Fiscal revenue is estimated at 29.3 billion kina, while fiscal expenditure is projected at 30.9 billion kina - A deficit of 1.6 billion kina is anticipated, accounting for 1.1% of GDP - Public sector debt is expected to be 66.2 billion kina, representing 45.5% of GDP, down from 48.2% in 2025 - A budget surplus is expected in 2027 [1]

Group 1 - MSCI will continue to monitor the liquidity of the Egyptian foreign exchange market [1] - There is a lack of clarity in market regulation in certain areas [1]