转自：光明日报 【瞧！我们的前沿科技】 本报北京1月2日电（记者晋浩天）长期以来，天文学家探测到了数颗在星际空间中孤独漂泊的神秘 天体——流浪行星候选体，但其是否为真正的行星始终缺乏确凿的科学证据。由北京大学物理学院天文 学系东苏勃教授领衔的研究团队，利用十年一遇的天地同步观测契机，首次成功实现了对流浪行星候选 体的直接质量测量，确证其为一颗质量与土星相当的行星。这项为"流浪"行星"验明正身"的关键研究成 果，2日凌晨发表于国际学术期刊《科学》。该刊一位审稿人评价："此项研究是理解行星形成与动力学 演化的一个重要里程碑。" 东苏勃告诉记者，流浪行星，是指那些不围绕任何恒星运行、独自漂泊于星际空间的神秘天体。当 一颗流浪行星从背景恒星前方掠过时，其引力会如透镜般弯曲星光，使恒星短暂增亮，称微引力透镜事 件。近十年来，天文学家们通过地面巡天望远镜的观测，已捕捉到约十例流浪行星候选体，但这些天体 的核心身份——质量，始终无法被独立且准确测定。"换言之，这些候选体究竟是不是行星？属于哪一 类行星？长期以来，天文学家们只能依赖统计模型进行粗略估算，始终缺少'一锤定音'的直接观测依 据。" 转机出现在2024年5月3日。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The AIMS telescope, a significant scientific instrument for measuring solar magnetic fields, has been officially launched and is expected to enhance understanding of solar phenomena and their impact on Earth [7][15]. Group 1: AIMS Telescope Overview - The AIMS telescope is the world's first mid-infrared solar magnetic field observation device, recently passing acceptance tests and officially entering operation [7][15]. - It is located at an altitude of approximately 4000 meters in the Qaidam Basin, chosen for its optimal observational conditions after extensive site evaluations [14]. Group 2: Scientific Significance - Understanding solar magnetic fields is crucial for deciphering solar phenomena, which have implications for various aspects of life on Earth, including climate prediction and infrastructure safety [10][11]. - The AIMS telescope improves measurement precision from 100 Gauss to 10 Gauss, allowing for more accurate observations of solar magnetic fields [12][13]. Group 3: Development and Innovation - The project took over a decade to develop, with a focus on creating a high-spectral-resolution imaging system that is domestically produced [12][13]. - The team faced numerous challenges, including harsh environmental conditions and the need for self-sufficiency in technology development [20]. Group 4: Collaborative Efforts - The AIMS telescope works in conjunction with space-based solar observation satellites, enhancing the overall efficiency and quality of solar observations through a "ground-space collaboration" approach [17][18]. - This collaboration allows for comprehensive tracking of solar activities and their effects on Earth, contributing to improved space weather forecasting [18].