中央纪委国家监委网站 沈东方 AIMS望远镜课题团队成员在山间跋涉选址。中国科学院国家天文台供图 AIMS望远镜建设现场。中国科学院国家天文台供图 党的十八大以来，我国航天事业取得辉煌成就，中国人探索太空的脚步迈得更稳更远。我国首个国家空间科 学中长期发展规划《国家空间科学中长期发展规划（2024—2050年）》中，"日地全景"是规划的五大科学主 AIMS望远镜局部。中国科学院国家天文台供图 AIMS望远镜矗立在青海冷湖赛什腾山上。 中国科学院国家天文台供图 题之一。 在青海冷湖赛什腾山上，一座白色圆顶的建筑独自矗立在褐黄色的戈壁山峦中，仰望苍穹，划出一方探索宇 宙的天地。这是国家重大科研仪器研制项目"用于太阳磁场精确测量的中红外观测系统"（以下简称"AIMS望 远镜"），已于近日通过结题验收并正式启用。 作为国际首个中红外太阳磁场观测设备，AIMS望远镜的主要工作是什么？探测太阳磁场对于我们的生产生活 有哪些重要意义？在探索宇宙的征途中，我国一系列天文观测仪器扮演着怎样的角色？请随记者一起踏上"探 日之旅"。 研究太阳"最深的秘密" 探索科学前沿、守护人类文明 研究太阳活动、探索背后的奥秘，是人类自远古以来 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent solar prominence eruption observed by China's "Xihe" satellite is a significant event, with a plasma channel extending approximately 400,000 kilometers, roughly the distance from Earth to the Moon, indicating the ongoing high activity of the sun and potential implications for space weather [1][4][6]. Group 1: Solar Activity and Its Implications - Solar activity is currently at a peak, with the 25th solar cycle entering its high phase, expected to continue through 2024 and 2025, indicating a higher frequency of solar events compared to the previous cycle [4][8]. - The occurrence of X-class solar flares has been notable, with over 60 such flares recorded from 2024 to the present, each equivalent to the energy consumption of China over 300,000 years, posing risks of coronal mass ejections and significant geomagnetic storms [6][8]. - The potential for large-scale solar eruptions remains high until the end of this active period in 2030, particularly concerning coronal mass ejections and X-class flares that could trigger strong geomagnetic storms [8][9]. Group 2: Challenges to Space Assets - The increasing frequency of solar activity poses significant challenges to the safety of space assets, with approximately half of satellite failures attributed to space weather events [9][11]. - High-energy particles from solar eruptions can disrupt satellite electronics and compromise astronaut safety during extravehicular activities [11][22]. Group 3: Advances in Space Weather Forecasting - The development of artificial intelligence (AI) models for space weather forecasting represents a significant advancement, enabling real-time monitoring and prediction of solar events and their impacts on Earth [12][16][20]. - A new AI model, designed to integrate various observational data and numerical models, aims to enhance the accuracy of space weather predictions by establishing a comprehensive monitoring system [14][16]. - The integration of AI in space weather forecasting allows for automatic identification of solar wind sources, improving the effectiveness of predictions and responses to solar events [17][19]. Group 4: Enhancing Satellite Protection - There is a growing emphasis on improving the protective capabilities of satellite systems against space weather impacts, with recommendations for incorporating AI technologies directly into satellite operations for autonomous decision-making [20][24]. - The design and operation of satellites must consider the effects of space weather from the outset, including radiation exposure and potential changes in orbital dynamics due to solar activity [22][24].

Core Insights - The Parker Solar Probe has successfully completed another close flyby of the Sun, reaching a distance of approximately 6.2 million kilometers from the solar surface, and traveling at a speed of about 687,000 kilometers per hour, setting new distance records since late last year [1][3] - The probe aims to gather data on the solar atmosphere and solar wind, addressing scientific questions regarding the high temperature of the corona, the acceleration of solar wind, and the origins of high-energy solar particles [2][4] Group 1: Parker Solar Probe's Mission and Achievements - Since its launch in August 2018, the Parker Solar Probe has conducted 24 close flybys of the Sun, leading to significant discoveries such as the magnetic field reversal structure of solar wind and the confirmation of a dust-free zone near the Sun [3] - The probe is equipped with four advanced instruments designed to measure various physical parameters of solar wind and capture images of solar disturbances, ensuring its functionality under extreme solar radiation through a specially designed thermal protection system [2][3] Group 2: Solar Activity and Its Implications - The Sun exhibits an approximately 11-year cycle of activity, currently in its 25th solar cycle, characterized by an increase in sunspot numbers and complex magnetic structures, leading to frequent solar flares and coronal mass ejections that significantly impact the Earth's space environment [3][4] - Other international missions, including the European Solar Orbiter and China's Kuafu-1 and Xihe satellites, are also observing solar activity to enhance understanding of solar phenomena and improve predictive capabilities regarding solar storms, which can affect critical infrastructure on Earth [4]