本报记者 喻思南 王赤(左)查看仪器测试情况。 中国科学院国家空间科学中心供图 人物小传 王赤，1967年2月生，湖南邵阳人，中国科学院院士，中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任。长期从事空 间物理和空间天气研究，担任探月工程四期首席科学家，子午工程(二期)总指挥，中国科学院空间科学 (二期)先导专项负责人，太阳风—磁层相互作用全景成像卫星("微笑"卫星)中方首席科学家。 1月27日，中国科学院大学星际航行学院正式成立，将聚焦星际推进、深空通信导航、空间科学等前沿 领域，培育兼具扎实功底、战略视野与家国担当的紧缺复合型人才。中国科学院院士王赤就是这所特色 学院人才培养专项负责人之一。 空间科学是我们了解宇宙、探索太空的重要支撑。从探索科学前沿到主持重大项目，耕耘空间科学30多 年，王赤将个人所学与国家发展所需紧密结合，成为我国空间科学事业发展的见证者、参与者和推动者 之一。"个人的理想或许如星辰般渺小，但当它与国家发展同频共振时，就能迸发出光芒。"一次交流活 动上，王赤的发言引起了与会者的共鸣，也道出他的成长心声。 "一定要努力去做原创性研究" 太阳风是来自太阳的带电粒子流，是影响地球和太阳系空间环境的主要因素。日 ...

转自：中国科学报 1月24日，第六届中国大地测量与地球物理学学术大会（下文简称第六届CCGG大会）在上海开幕。本 届大会主题为"地球科学与气候变化"，议题覆盖冰冻圈、大气科学、地震学等八大领域。 来自不同领域的学者齐聚，不仅交流学科发展，也探讨将不同学科交叉融合并服务于探测地球资源、减 轻地球自然灾害、改善和保护地球环境、助力社会经济可持续发展等社会发展需要。 大会期间，中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任王赤接受媒体采访。以下是主要采访内 容。 空间科学可以激发更多年轻一代投入科学研究 问：地球科学是典型的交叉学科，覆盖许多不同分支学科。空间科学同样是一门交叉学科，对于其他领 域与技术的发展起到了哪些带动作用？ 我们现在的认知是，太阳系中，只有地球上有生命现象，有人类这样高等的智慧生物。同时，现在基本 可以肯定，月球上没有生命现象。 王赤： 确实，空间科学不是一个独立的学科，而是一个交叉学科。过去几十年间，空间科学的发展，极大促进 了多个学科的发展。 人们首先想到的是天文学研究。由于大气层阻挡，很多波段在地面是看不见的，因此不少天文台都建在 了空气相对稀薄一些的高山上。但即便是珠穆朗玛峰，也不过8 ...

Core Viewpoint - The report highlights the progress and achievements of China's space station, emphasizing advancements in space science, technology, and applications, with a focus on life sciences, microgravity physics, and new technologies [2][3]. Group 1: Achievements in Space Missions - Since entering the application and development phase, China has completed 6 crewed flights, 4 cargo resupply missions, and 5 spacecraft return missions, successfully implementing the first emergency launch [8]. - A total of 18 astronauts have participated in long-term stays in orbit, with 13 spacewalks and multiple extravehicular activities conducted [8]. - The space station has achieved stable operation and effective utilization, with significant advancements in various scientific projects [8]. Group 2: Scientific Research and Innovations - The space station has deployed and implemented 265 scientific and application projects across four major research areas, including life sciences and microgravity physics [10]. - In 2025, 86 new scientific projects were added, with over 1,179 kg of scientific materials sent to space and approximately 105 kg of samples returned, yielding more than 150 TB of scientific data [12]. - Notable achievements include the first mouse space experiment, groundbreaking research in biophysics, and innovative techniques for non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring [12][15]. Group 3: Publications and Patents - In 2025, over 230 high-level SCI papers were published, and more than 70 patents were obtained, reflecting the innovative outcomes of the research conducted [15]. - Some research results have already been transferred and applied, significantly advancing China's space science and applications [15]. Group 4: Future Directions - The space station will continue to conduct a series of scientific research projects, promote science popularization, and foster international cooperation, contributing to the development of a strong technological and aerospace nation [15].

Core Insights - The past year has been significant for China's space industry, with continuous advancements in understanding the universe [1] Group 1: Mars Exploration - The Zhurong rover has discovered that significant water activity existed on Mars approximately 750 million years ago, extending the history of water on Mars by several hundred million years and providing new evidence for understanding Mars' climate evolution, geological processes, and potential habitability [3] Group 2: Space Station Developments - By 2025, the Chinese space station will have added 31 new scientific and application projects, with approximately 867.5 kilograms of scientific materials sent to space and 83.92 kilograms of scientific samples returned, resulting in over 150 terabytes of data collected [5][6] Group 3: Space Life Sciences - The first mouse space experiment on the Chinese space station has been successfully conducted, revealing behavioral changes in mice due to the microgravity environment, including initial stress and adaptation over time [7][9]

Group 1 - The core scientific tasks of China's space station are progressing well, with a total of 31 new scientific and application projects implemented in orbit by 2025, involving approximately 867.5 kilograms of scientific materials sent up and 83.92 kilograms of scientific samples returned [1] - Over 150TB of scientific data has been collected, leading to the production of over 50 patents across various scientific fields [1] - The successful execution of the first mouse space science experiment marks a significant advancement in the life sciences sector, establishing a comprehensive life support and experimental technology system for small mammals in space [1] Group 2 - The international initiative to study the combined effects of sub-magnetic and microgravity environments on biological systems has revealed behavioral and genetic changes in animals, laying the groundwork for life health assurance in deep space exploration [2] - A lithium-ion battery electrochemical optical in-situ research project is being conducted aboard the space station, which is expected to advance electrochemical theory and optimize current battery systems in orbit [2] - Future plans include launching two flagship astronomical facilities: a space station survey telescope for significant discoveries in cosmology and a high-energy cosmic radiation detection facility to explore dark matter and cosmic ray origins [2]

Core Insights - The progress of China's space station in 2025 includes successful implementation of scientific and application projects across various fields, providing critical support for core scientific missions [1] Group 1: Scientific Achievements - In 2025, the space application system implemented 31 new scientific and application projects, with approximately 867.5 kilograms of scientific materials sent to orbit and 83.92 kilograms of space science experiment samples returned [1] - Over 150TB of scientific data was obtained, leading to the production of over 50 authorized patents by various scientific teams [1] Group 2: Life Sciences Research - China successfully conducted its first mouse space science experiment aboard the space station, establishing a comprehensive life support and experimental technology system for small mammal experiments in space [1] - This research lays a significant foundation for future studies on the effects of space environments on mammals [1] Group 3: International Research Initiatives - The first international study on the combined effects of sub-magnetic and microgravity environments on biological systems was conducted, revealing behavioral and genetic changes in animals [1] - This research provides a scientific basis for ensuring life health in deep space exploration [1] Group 4: Future Projects - The space station will also conduct in-situ research on lithium-ion battery electrochemical optics, which is expected to advance electrochemical theory and optimize current battery systems [2] - Two flagship astronomical facilities are planned for future launches, including a space telescope for significant discoveries in cosmology and a high-energy cosmic radiation detection facility [3]

Core Insights - The China Academy of Sciences National Space Science Center held a press conference on November 24, showcasing significant advancements in space science, focusing on cosmic origins, space weather, and the origins of life [3][10]. Group 1: Satellite Missions and Achievements - Since the launch of the space science pilot project in January 2011, eight scientific satellite missions have been completed, including "Wukong," "Shijian-10," "Micius," "Huiyan," "Taiji-1," "Huairou-1," "Kuafu-1," and "Tianguan," achieving multiple "firsts" for China and the world [5]. - "Wukong," launched on December 17, 2015, is China's first dark matter particle detection satellite, which has provided the most precise secondary cosmic ray boron energy spectrum in the TeV/n range based on eight years of data [5]. - "Huiyan," China's first X-ray astronomical satellite, launched on June 15, 2017, has made significant discoveries regarding black hole accretion bursts and neutron star surface nuclear burning [6]. - "Huairou-1," launched on December 10, 2020, has identified new subtypes of gamma-ray bursts and provided insights into the radiation environment near Earth [6]. - "Kuafu-1," launched on October 9, 2022, has revealed a lower-than-expected correlation rate between high-energy C-class flares and coronal mass ejections, offering new insights into solar eruption mechanisms [7]. - "Tianguan," launched on January 9, 2024, has detected 165 significant X-ray transient sources, contributing to the understanding of X-ray phenomena in the galaxy [7]. Group 2: Future Missions and Goals - The "14th Five-Year Plan" will focus on the "Harmonious Plan," which includes a low-frequency radio telescope array of ten satellites aimed at capturing weak signals from the early universe [8]. - "Kuafu-2" will explore solar magnetic activity and its relationship with solar storms by orbiting the sun's poles [9]. - The exoplanet survey satellite aims to find Earth-like planets in habitable zones, while the enhanced X-ray time-variable and polarization space observatory will study extreme conditions in the universe [9]. Group 3: Development and International Collaboration - The space science sector in China has shown robust growth, achieving breakthroughs in various fields, including macro, micro, extreme conditions, and interdisciplinary research [10]. - The project has led to significant advancements in satellite technology and payloads, establishing a national-level X-ray calibration beamline and developing high-sensitivity X-ray telescopes [10]. - International collaborations, such as the "Smile" satellite project with the European Space Agency, have enhanced China's scientific influence and effectiveness in space science [11].

Core Insights - The recent press conference by the National Space Science Center of China highlighted significant advancements in space science, focusing on the origins of the universe, space weather, and life [2][8] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" will implement the Space Exploration Science Satellite Program, which includes four major missions aimed at achieving breakthroughs in understanding the dark ages of the universe, solar magnetic activity cycles, and exoplanet detection [2][8] Group 1: Satellite Missions and Achievements - Since the launch of the Space Science Pilot Project in 2011, eight scientific satellite missions have been completed, achieving "China's first" and even "world's first" breakthroughs in various fields [3] - The "Wukong" satellite, launched in December 2015, has provided the most precise secondary cosmic ray boron energy spectrum in the TeV/n range, aiding in the understanding of cosmic ray propagation [4] - The "Huiyan" satellite, launched in June 2017, has made significant contributions to understanding black hole accretion bursts and neutron star surface nuclear burning [5] - The "Huairou-1" satellite, launched in December 2020, discovered new subtypes of gamma-ray bursts and provided insights into the radiation environment near Earth [6] - The "Kuafu-1" satellite, launched in October 2022, revealed a lower-than-expected correlation rate between high-energy C-class flares and coronal mass ejections, offering new insights into solar eruptions [7] - The "Tianguan" satellite, launched in January 2024, has detected 165 significant X-ray transient sources, contributing to the understanding of X-ray phenomena in the galaxy [7] Group 2: Future Missions and Goals - The "Hongmeng Plan" aims to capture weak signals from the early universe using a low-frequency radio telescope array consisting of ten satellites [9] - The "Kuafu-2" mission will explore solar magnetic activity and its relationship with solar wind, enhancing understanding of the Earth-sun relationship [9] - The Exoplanet Survey Satellite will search for Earth-like planets in habitable zones, referred to as "Earth 2.0" [9] - The Enhanced X-ray Time-Variable and Polarization Space Observatory will study extreme conditions in the universe, such as black hole event horizons and neutron star surfaces [9] Group 3: Overall Impact and Development - The Space Science Pilot Project has demonstrated a strong development trend in China's space science, achieving breakthroughs across multiple dimensions [10] - The project has led to advancements in satellite technology and international collaboration, enhancing China's influence in global space science [10] - The transition from "catching up" to "keeping pace" and now to "leading" in certain areas reflects the growing importance of China's space science satellite cluster in exploring the unknown universe [10]

Core Viewpoint - The aerospace ETF (159227) is experiencing a slight decline but remains the largest in its category, with significant growth in its scale and shares, indicating strong investor interest in the aerospace sector [1][2]. Group 1: ETF Performance - As of November 27, the aerospace ETF (159227) has a slight decline of 0.09% with a trading volume of 0.75 billion yuan, maintaining its position as the top performer in its category [1]. - The ETF has reached a new high in scale at 20.57 billion yuan and a new high in shares at 1.846 billion, marking significant growth since its inception [1]. Group 2: Industry Developments - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has announced major scientific breakthroughs in space science, which are expected to enhance China's capabilities in space science and technology, contributing to the nation's goal of becoming a leading aerospace power [1]. - The focus on new equipment in the aerospace sector is anticipated to continue, with opportunities in hypersonic technology, unmanned equipment, and counter-unmanned systems [1]. Group 3: ETF Composition - The aerospace ETF (159227) tracks the Guozheng Aerospace Index, with a high military industry composition of 98.2%, covering a wide range of aerospace and defense sectors including fighter jets, transport aircraft, helicopters, and satellites [2].

Core Insights - The Chinese Academy of Sciences announced significant achievements in space science through its pilot project initiated in 2011, which has successfully developed and launched eight scientific satellites, including "Wukong," "Shijian-10," "Micius," "Huiyan," "Taiji-1," "Huairou-1," "Kuafu-1," and "Tianguan" [1] Group 1 - The pilot project has led to major original achievements, creating several "firsts" for China and even the world [1] - China's space science has transitioned from "catching up" and "keeping pace" to "leading" in certain areas, marking a historic leap [1] - The project has stimulated rapid advancements in cutting-edge payloads and satellite platform technologies [1]