自2018年2月韩国正式实施《维持生命治疗决定法》（又称"善终法""尊严死法"）以来，签署拒绝维持 生命治疗文件的人数已超300万，占韩国成年人口约6.8%。 这相当于，每14个韩国成年人中，就有1人明确拒绝临终时的插管抢救。 截至目前，已有超过44万韩国人依据该法填写文件后终止维持生命治疗。 7年时间，300万韩国人选择主动"拥抱"死亡。 媒体在惊讶于这个数字的同时，不禁也深思，究竟是什么让他们改变了对死亡的认识？ 一、"想在清醒的时候自己做决定" 2020年9月，来自韩国全罗南道宝城郡的54岁女性申某，在（韩国）顺全南大学医院签下了拒绝延长生 命医疗行为意向书。在此之前，申某已经与肺癌（第4期）斗争了6年。 回家路上，她对女儿说："我想在清醒的时候自己做决定。" 之后的日子，申某戴着家用呼吸辅助器和家人度过了"最后的时光"。三个月后，她因呼吸困难，疼痛加 剧，被送往医院。按照拒绝延长生命医疗行为意向书，申某没有接受心肺复苏手术。于是在缓和医疗 下，两天后，她闭上了眼睛，在自己的选择中安详离世。 面对母亲的选择，申某的女儿全某虽感到难受，但也表示尊重："如果妈妈接受了延长生命的医疗行 为，也许能活得更久一些 ...

Core Insights - The discussion revolves around the impending elder care and end-of-life crisis facing the post-90s and post-00s generations in China, emphasizing the need for proactive preparation [8][14][39] Group 1: Research and Observations - The research conducted by the professor and his team over the past 15 years includes visits to hospitals, hospice care facilities, and nursing homes, focusing on how Chinese people approach aging and death [1][3] - A significant finding is that the elderly population in China aged 65 and above has doubled from 7% in 2001 to 14% in 2021, indicating a rapid shift towards an aging society [14] - The professor collected 364 narratives from families and medical staff to understand how death is discussed in Chinese culture [3][12] Group 2: Death and Dying in Chinese Society - The traditional model of end-of-life care in China is primarily family-based, while newer models include hospital-based palliative care, which is often misunderstood [17][19] - There is a stark contrast between the number of people receiving palliative care (less than 300,000 annually) and the millions suffering from terminal illnesses, highlighting a gap in care quality [19][21] - The professor emphasizes the importance of diverse end-of-life care models, including community-based approaches and traditional practices, rather than focusing solely on hospital care [21][23] Group 3: Cultural Perspectives on Death - The societal approach to death in China has shifted, with a growing tendency to avoid discussions about death, leading to a "barbaric" form of dying that lacks dignity [33][34] - The professor argues that the strong filial piety in Chinese culture often leads to decisions about end-of-life care being made by family members rather than respecting the wishes of the dying individual [28][30] - There is a call for a more nuanced understanding of death that incorporates traditional beliefs and practices, moving away from a singular, materialistic view of death [36][38]

【环球时报驻韩国特约记者 黎枳银】综合韩联社、《韩国先驱报》和《文化日报》等韩媒10日报道， 自2018年2月韩国正式实施《维持生命医疗决定法》（又称"尊严死法"）以来，签署拒绝维持生命治疗 文件的人数已超300万，占韩国成年人口约6.8%。截至目前，已有超过44万人依据该法填写文件后终止 维持生命治疗。 不过，韩国现行法律的适用范围仅局限于"生命终结过程"，即患者必须处于死亡迫近阶段，且没有恢复 活力或完全恢复的可能性才能停止治疗。这一限制在实践中引发诸多争议。2023年，一名晚期癌症患者 虽已填写事前意向书，其家属亦提出终止治疗请求，但因患者处于昏迷状态，被认定未达到法定"临 终"标准，医疗机构未予执行。最终，患者昏迷一周后死亡。 针对法律适用范围过窄引发的争议，韩国共同民主党多名议员已提出《维持生命医疗决定法》修订案， 建议将适用范围扩大至终末期及可能致死阶段，使患者能够在病情更早时作出决定，从而保障自主权和 生活质量。目前，该修订案正由国会审议。 "尊严死法"实施初期，响应者寥寥。2018年，韩国仅有约8.6万人登记。然而，2021年登记人数猛增， 当年8月突破100万，2023年10月超过200万、 ...