当地时间27日，德国巴勒斯坦社区、德国左翼党等团体在首都柏林举行大规模游行示威活动，抗议以色列在加沙的军事行动，要求德国政府停止与以色列的 一切军事合作。 当天，上万名抗议者走上柏林街头。活动组织者指责以军对加沙平民施加大规模暴力，他们要求德国政府停止与以色列的一切军事合作，确保人道主义援助 顺利进入加沙地带，并推动实现加沙地带持久停火。 抗议者：我一直比较关心政治、社会公正等议题，而巴勒斯坦问题无疑是其中的焦点。我认为在当今世界没有比这更大的不公正。 抗议者：我特地从慕尼黑赶来，是为了表明立场。我们德国人面对历史，面对我们曾犯下的种族灭绝罪行，更应坚决反对任何形式的种族灭绝。 总台记者 张云帆：随着以色列政府在加沙地带的军事行动造成的人道主义危机日益严重，以及不少欧洲国家陆续承认巴勒斯坦国，德国政府在巴以问题上 面临的国内外压力日益增大，今天在柏林的大规模游行示威活动就是一个例子。德国政府将坚持此前的政策还是会做出某种程度的调整，还有待进一步观 察。 责编：李磊、王瑞景 ...

中国现代国际关系研究院中东研究所副所长 秦天：其次，在地区层面，美国投否决票会刺激地区形势 进一步动荡。9月上旬以色列曾突然袭击卡塔尔境内目标，且未受美国有力谴责和制约，可见以色列未 来在中东进行军事冒险的冲动依旧强烈。 美此举或进一步加剧国际社会分裂 中国现代国际关系研究院中东研究所副所长 秦天：最后，在全球层面，美国投否决票人为加剧了国际 社会在巴以问题乃至整体层面的大分裂。巴以问题是全球性热点和道义问题，但美国多次投否决票，本 届政府上台后还采取单边"停以""清以"等措施，变相放任、鼓励以色列破坏两国方案和巴勒斯坦建国前 景。如今，国际社会在巴以问题上已形成两个日益分化的阵营，全球南方和一些新近准备承认巴勒斯坦 国的西方国家反对以色列诉诸武力、支持巴勒斯坦建国，而美以联手顽固反对巴勒斯坦建国。在当下全 球体系本就因新冷战、某些国家的脱钩断链等被切割得支离破碎的情况下，巴以问题上的新分裂，无疑 给全球治理和国际合作增添了新的伤痕与切口，且这种负面影响一旦形成，难以在短时间内修复。 美此举或为以色列推进加沙城攻势"开绿灯" 中国现代国际关系研究院中东研究所副所长 秦天：我认为美国此举负面影响广泛且深远。首先 ...

9月17日，在北京香山论坛，新京报专访以色列前副外长约西.贝林，谈及巴以问题。贝林表示，巴勒斯 坦人也是人，从加沙驱逐任何人的想法都是残忍的且不现实的，毫无疑问，加沙未来是巴勒斯坦的一部 分。 ...

Core Points - The international conference to implement the "two-state solution" will reconvene on September 22, a day before the UN General Assembly's general debate, with participation from multiple heads of state [1] - The UN Security Council is currently negotiating a draft resolution addressing issues such as the famine in Gaza and Israel's construction of settlements in the "E1 area," with hopes for a vote next week [1] - If the draft resolution fails to pass in the Security Council, there will be a call for an emergency special session of the 10th UN General Assembly [1] - The 10th UN General Assembly emergency special session, which focuses on the Israeli-Palestinian issue, was first convened in April 1997 and has been suspended multiple times [1] - On June 12, the UN General Assembly emergency special session passed a resolution demanding an immediate and unconditional ceasefire between the conflicting parties and called for Israel to lift restrictions on humanitarian aid access to Gaza and end the blockade [1]

Core Viewpoint - The world's largest sovereign wealth fund, Norway's oil fund, has divested from Caterpillar and several Israeli banks due to ethical concerns related to their involvement in actions against Palestinian property and settlements [1][2]. Group 1: Divestment Actions - Norway's oil fund has completely sold its shares in Caterpillar, which accounted for 1.2% of the company, valued at $2.1 billion as of June [1]. - The fund has also reduced its holdings in five Israeli banks that finance settlement construction in the West Bank, decreasing the number of Israeli companies it holds from 61 to 33 [1][2]. - This divestment marks the first time the fund has sold non-Israeli companies due to their actions in Israel and Palestinian territories [2]. Group 2: Ethical Considerations - The divestment was based on recommendations from Norway's Council on Ethics, which advises on companies that violate international law [2]. - The Council stated that Caterpillar's products are being used to illegally destroy Palestinian property, constituting serious violations of international humanitarian law [3][4]. - The fund's actions reflect a response to public and political pressure regarding Israel's actions in Gaza [5]. Group 3: Political Implications - Some Norwegian officials express concerns about balancing public sentiment against Israel's actions with maintaining relations with the U.S., a strong supporter of Israel [5]. - There are fears that excessive divestment could lead to repercussions from U.S. states invoking anti-boycott laws, potentially impacting Norway and the fund [5].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint expressed by John Menadue is that Israel's objective is not merely to target Hamas, but to expel all Palestinians from their homes, framing the current conflict as a culmination of decades of systematic land takeover and ethnic cleansing [1] - Menadue argues that the recent conflict, which escalated on October 7, is a result of long-standing tensions and should not be viewed as a new issue, emphasizing that the Israeli government's actions have been a pretext for broader goals [1] - He supports the Australian government's recognition of Palestine at the upcoming UN General Assembly as a proper stance, criticizing Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu's response as unfounded [1] Group 2 - There is a growing skepticism among Australians towards the Trump administration, with approximately two-thirds of Australians losing confidence in the U.S. leadership under Trump, indicating a shift in public sentiment [2] - Menadue emphasizes that Australia's future lies within its own region rather than being aligned with Washington or London, suggesting a need for a reevaluation of Australia's foreign policy [3]

Group 1 - France has recently faced diplomatic criticism from multiple Western countries, including the US, Israel, and Italy, primarily regarding its policies on the Middle East peace process and European security issues [1] - Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu accused President Macron of exacerbating anti-Semitism by recognizing the Palestinian state, expressing concern over the rise of anti-Semitism in France [3] - The French government has altered its stance on the Israel-Palestine issue, as evidenced by its request to close Israeli exhibitors' booths at the Paris Air Show due to their display of offensive weapons [3] Group 2 - The US Ambassador to France, Charles Kushner, supported Israel's criticism of France, claiming that France has not taken sufficient measures to curb anti-Jewish violence [5] - France's Foreign Ministry rejected the ambassador's accusations, stating they violate international law and undermine trust between allies [5] - Italy's Deputy Prime Minister Salvini mocked Macron's proposal to send troops to Ukraine, suggesting that Macron should go himself, which led to a diplomatic protest from France [6][7] Group 3 - The ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and Ukraine have highlighted divisions within Western politics, with France and other European nations attempting to assert independent voices and solutions [7] - The proposed "voluntary alliance" led by France and the UK is discussing troop deployment to Ukraine if a ceasefire is reached, but Italy has repeatedly declined invitations to participate [7]

Group 1 - Hamas has stated it will not disarm until an independent Palestinian state with full sovereignty is established, rejecting claims from U.S. officials that it is ready to disarm [1][2] - The call from 17 countries for Hamas to "lay down arms" reflects the difficulty of resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and easing tensions in Gaza in the short term [2][3] - Hamas's core principles, as outlined in its 1988 and 2017 documents, emphasize armed struggle, making disarmament a significant challenge, especially under current military pressure [3] Group 2 - Disarming Hamas would threaten its leadership position in Gaza and jeopardize the livelihoods of thousands of public employees and armed personnel it represents [3] - The ongoing Israeli military actions in Gaza necessitate Hamas's role as a primary resistance force, complicating calls for disarmament [3] - There is a fundamental disagreement between Israel and Hamas regarding ceasefire terms, with Israel demanding more concessions from Hamas, while Hamas believes Israel should bear more responsibility [3]

Core Viewpoint - Egypt's Foreign Minister reaffirmed strong support for the Palestinian people and their legitimate rights, emphasizing Egypt's commitment to stand with them during critical times [1] Group 1: Diplomatic Efforts - Egypt aims to collaborate with the Palestinian government and the United Nations to host an international conference for the early recovery and reconstruction of Gaza following a ceasefire agreement [1] - The Egyptian Foreign Minister condemned Israel's actions in Gaza and the West Bank, labeling them as brutal aggression and violations of international law and humanitarian law [1] Group 2: Political Solutions - Egypt seeks a political resolution to the Palestinian issue through diplomatic efforts, aiming to establish an independent Palestinian state based on the borders of June 4, 1967, with East Jerusalem as its capital [1] - The Palestinian Foreign Minister praised Egypt's longstanding support for the Palestinian cause and acknowledged President Sisi's efforts to alleviate the suffering of the Palestinian people and promote a just resolution to their issues [1]

Core Viewpoint - The European Commission's Vice President and High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Josep Borrell, condemns Israel's military actions in Gaza and excessive use of force, emphasizing the unacceptable ongoing attacks on civilian infrastructure and calling for an immediate ceasefire and negotiations for the release of hostages and a permanent end to hostilities [1] Group 1 - The European Union reiterates that humanitarian aid must not be politicized or militarized [1] - The importance of the United Nations in the distribution of humanitarian aid is emphasized [1] - An urgent call for immediate, unhindered, and sustained large-scale restoration of aid to meet the urgent needs of civilians in Gaza is made [1]