Core Viewpoint - The integration of judicial enforcement and bankruptcy systems is essential for effectively revitalizing seized and frozen assets, addressing the challenges faced by creditors and debtors in the current legal framework [1][2]. Group 1: Judicial Enforcement and Bankruptcy Integration - The organic integration of judicial enforcement and bankruptcy systems can eliminate barriers between individual enforcement and comprehensive bankruptcy processes, facilitating early and effective rescue of debt-laden enterprises [2][3]. - Implementing bankruptcy procedures for enterprises in execution difficulties can help quickly resolve execution deadlocks, prevent the expansion of debts, and optimize resource allocation, leading to fair compensation for all stakeholders [2][3]. Group 2: Current Challenges and Solutions - Existing challenges in integrating judicial enforcement and bankruptcy systems include insufficient institutional supply, difficulties in initiating transfer procedures, and lack of coordination mechanisms between government and courts [3]. - The Supreme People's Court has been promoting practical explorations in "enforcement-bankruptcy integration," with some local courts achieving significant results, such as nearly 80% of new bankruptcy cases in a province originating from "enforcement to bankruptcy" transfers in 2024 [3]. - Future efforts should focus on strengthening mechanisms, optimizing trial resource allocation, and implementing targeted strategies for different types of enterprises, including timely liquidation of "zombie enterprises" and protection for viable distressed companies through restructuring [3].

债权人和债务人总体上都比较缺乏申请破产的动机。 "推动司法判决执行与破产制度有机衔接"被写入"十五五"规划建议，这一机制被视为依法有效盘活查封 冻结财产的重要途径，将有助于突破执行僵局，优化营商环境。 "执破衔接"是对近年来我国"执转破"司法机制的延续。自"执转破"制度确立以来，该制度对市场主体出 清、优化营商环境起到了一定积极作用，但仍然面临着启动难、对市场主体的挽救功能不足等问题，如 何解决这些难点堵点，将成为下一个五年的挑战。 执行转破产的司法机制的延续 《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》在加快完善要素市场化配置体制机 制方面，提出"推动司法判决执行与破产制度有机衔接，依法有效盘活被查封冻结财产"。 在近日出版发行的《党的二十届四中全会〈建议〉学习辅导百问》（下称《辅导百问》）一书中，对如 何理解上述规划作出了详细回答。 文中指出，近年来，我国法院执行案件总体增长较快。执行程序中，被采取查封、扣押、冻结措施的企 业法人也相应增加，大量被查封冻结财产难以快速有效处置，不仅债权人合法权益悬而未决，更导致宝 贵的经济资源"封冻"。 企业资产一旦被查封冻结，容易面临资金链断裂、生产要素 ...