（来源：工人日报） 社会保险制度关乎人民的养老、医疗、工伤、失业、生育、护理保障等基本民生。社会保险制度的优 劣，对国计民生具有重大且深远的影响。 党的二十届四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》明 确提出"社会保障制度更加优化更可持续"的重要目标，在养老、医疗、工伤、失业等方面提出系列举 措，同时对城乡居民、灵活就业人员、农民工、新就业形态人员等群体加以关照，对进一步健全社会保 障体系作出了相应部署。 当前，我国已建立世界上规模最大的社会保障体系，基本养老保险覆盖超10亿人，基本医疗保险覆盖超 13亿人，但随着人口老龄化、就业方式多元化加速发展，社保领域仍面临优化制度、扩大覆盖范围、提 升待遇水平等深层次问题。围绕"如何破解社保改革难点，夯实民生保障根基"，《工人日报》邀请全国 人大常委会委员、中国社会保障学会会长郑功成，深度解读"十五五"时期社保改革路径与实践方向。 将制度优化摆在首要位置 记者：我国用几十年时间建立了具有鲜明中国特色、世界上规模最大、功能完备的社会保障体系，为何 还要优化社会保障制度？ 郑功成：我国社保制度虽取得举世瞩目的成就，但现行制度安排仍存在 ...

Group 1 - The core theme of the forum is "Financial Strong Momentum, New Picture of the Bay Area," emphasizing the need for comprehensive measures to effectively release domestic demand potential during the upcoming "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1] - The main contradiction in economic operation is gradually shifting from the supply side to the demand side, indicating that resolving demand issues is crucial for smooth economic circulation and stable development [1] - The long-standing low consumption rate among Chinese residents is attributed to insufficient social security, unstable expectations, and weak consumer confidence, which have been exacerbated by changes in investment and export demand [1][2] Group 2 - To address the structurally low consumption rate, it is essential to significantly improve social security levels, fostering a long-term sense of security among residents [2] - Investment potential remains substantial across various sectors, including traditional industry upgrades, strategic emerging industries, and infrastructure projects, necessitating innovative and optimized policy environments [2] - Policies aimed at stabilizing expectations and invigorating private enterprises should be effectively implemented, including the development of detailed regulations following the introduction of the "Private Economy Promotion Law" [3] Group 3 - Financial support is critical for the development of the real economy, as it must address the challenges faced by the real economy to achieve its own growth [3] - The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is positioned as a leader in reform, opening up, innovation, and development, with a focus on exploring ways to effectively release domestic demand potential through institutional innovation [3]