Core Viewpoint - The article highlights a significant breakthrough in underwater robotics with the development of a light-controlled artificial muscle system, which enhances the performance and flexibility of underwater robots by eliminating the need for cables and heavy power supplies [1][4]. Group 1: Technological Breakthrough - A South Korean research team has successfully developed a fully light-controlled artificial muscle system for underwater robots, showcasing superior power performance compared to biological muscles [1]. - The new actuator, based on photo-chemical responsive materials, allows for autonomous operation in underwater environments, paving the way for cable-free intelligent underwater equipment [1][4]. - The artificial muscle exhibits a contraction rate of 60% under UV light and can quickly recover when switched to visible light, enabling strong driving capabilities without any power supply [1][2]. Group 2: Performance Metrics - Experimental data indicates that the energy density of the new light-driven muscle reaches 15 kJ/m³, more than double that of mammalian skeletal muscle [2]. - The driving strain produced by this technology exceeds three times that of similar photo-chemical materials, maintaining stable performance even after hundreds of cycles [2]. Group 3: Application and Future Prospects - The prototype robot equipped with this artificial muscle demonstrates exceptional operational capabilities, including precise object manipulation and navigation through complex environments [4]. - The technology addresses energy supply challenges for underwater robots and introduces a new paradigm where smart materials serve as power units [4]. - The research team aims to advance industrial applications of this technology within three years, with potential uses in underwater exploration, marine engineering, and medical devices, expecting commercialization by 2030 [4]. Group 4: Industry Implications - This breakthrough signifies a new phase in soft robotics development, characterized by strong environmental adaptability, high driving efficiency, and superior system integration [4]. - The ongoing advancements in material science suggest that cable-free robots could play crucial roles in extreme environments such as deep space exploration and disaster rescue operations [4].