受访专家表示，艾滋病可防可控，核心在于切断传播途径。南方医科大学南方医院感染内科主治医 师陶欣说，性接触传播、血液传播、母婴传播是艾滋病传播的主要途径，其中针对性接触传播，应坚持 全程正确使用安全套，避免多性伴、无保护性行为；针对血液传播，拒绝共用注射器，避免输入未经检 测的血液或血液制品，文身、穿耳洞等应选择正规机构，确保器械严格消毒；针对母婴传播，感染HIV 的孕妇建议及时接受抗病毒治疗和母婴阻断治疗，绝大多数感染HIV的孕妇经过规范阻断都能生下健康 的宝宝。 南方医科大学南方医院感染内科副主任医师徐钰源提醒，如果发生了高危行为，应当在"黄金72小 时"内尽快到疾控中心或定点医院就医，通过规范服用强效药物阻断病毒复制链，这是阻断艾滋病传播 的"最后防线"。 专家说，日常接触如握手、拥抱、共同就餐等，并不具备艾滋病传播条件，因为HIV在体外环境中 存活能力极差，离开人体后会迅速失去活性。艾滋病是可以通过科学手段有效防控的疾病，公众应当理 性认知、科学应对，消除"恐艾"情绪。 新华社广州12月1日电（记者徐弘毅）艾滋病防治为什么要早发现、早治疗？艾滋病有哪些预防手 段？12月1日是世界艾滋病日，记者就科学防治 ...

Core Viewpoint - The event on June 6, 2025, marks the 30th National "Eye Care Day," focusing on public awareness of common eye diseases and their prevention and treatment strategies, particularly in the context of an aging population [1][4]. Group 1: Common Eye Diseases - Cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, presbyopia, and dry eye syndrome are prevalent eye diseases that significantly impact quality of life [1][4]. - Cataracts are linked to natural aging and UV exposure, with sunglasses recommended as a preventive measure [3]. - Glaucoma results from increased intraocular pressure leading to irreversible damage to the optic nerve, often associated with stress and irregular lifestyles [3]. Group 2: Prevention and Treatment Strategies - Preventive measures for glaucoma include self-care, stress management, aerobic exercise, and various treatment options such as medication, laser therapy, and surgery [3]. - Dietary recommendations for age-related macular degeneration include consuming foods rich in lutein, such as carrots and corn, alongside mainstream treatment options like medication and surgery [3]. - Presbyopia, a functional disease due to aging, can be managed with appropriate eyewear, medication, and surgical interventions [3]. Group 3: Public Awareness and Education - There is a need for increased public awareness regarding the scientific understanding of these eye diseases, emphasizing the importance of early detection, intervention, and treatment to prevent irreversible damage [4].